Arnold Shvartsenegger - Arnold Schwarzenegger
Arnold Shvartsenegger | |
|---|---|
 Shvartsenegger 2019 yil iyulda | |
| 38-chi Kaliforniya gubernatori | |
| Ofisda 2003 yil 17 noyabr - 2011 yil 3 yanvar | |
| Leytenant | Kruz Bustamante Jon Garamendi Mona Pasquil (aktyorlik) Abel Maldonado |
| Oldingi | Kulrang Devis |
| Muvaffaqiyatli | Jerri Braun |
| Raisi Prezidentning jismoniy tarbiya va sport bo'yicha kengashi | |
| Ofisda 1990 yil 22 yanvar - 1993 yil 27 may | |
| Prezident | Jorj H. V. Bush Bill Klinton |
| Oldingi | Dik Kazmayer |
| Muvaffaqiyatli | Florens Griffit Joyner (hamrais) Tom MakMillen (hamrais) |
| Shaxsiy ma'lumotlar | |
| Tug'ilgan | Arnold Alois Shvartsenegger 1947 yil 30-iyul Tal, Ittifoqchilar tomonidan bosib olingan Avstriya |
| Siyosiy partiya | Respublika |
| Turmush o'rtoqlar | |
| Bolalar | 5, shu jumladan Ketrin va Patrik |
| Qarindoshlar | Gustav Shvartsenegger (ota) |
| Ta'lim | Santa Monika kolleji Viskonsin universiteti - Superior (BA ) |
| Imzo |  |
| Veb-sayt | Rasmiy veb-sayt |
| Harbiy xizmat | |
| Sadoqat |  Avstriya |
| Filial / xizmat |  Bundesher |
| Xizmat qilgan yillari | 1965 |
| Birlik | Belgier kazarmasi |
| ||
|---|---|---|
Bodibilding va biznes martaba
 | ||
Arnold Alois Shvartsenegger (/ˈʃv.rtsnɛɡar/;[1][a] Nemischa: [ˈAʁnɔlt ˈʃvaʁtsn̩ˌʔɛɡɐ]; 1947 yil 30-iyulda tug'ilgan) - an Avstriyalik-amerikalik aktyor, tadbirkor, nafaqaga chiqqan professional bodibilder[2] sifatida xizmat qilgan sobiq siyosatchi Kaliforniyaning 38-gubernatori 2003 yildan 2011 yilgacha. 2020 yilga kelib u eng so'nggi hisoblanadi Respublika Kaliforniya gubernatori.
Shvartsenegger gap boshladi og'irliklarni ko'tarish 15 yoshida va g'oliblikni davom ettirdi Janob koinot g'olib bo'lishdan oldin 20 yoshida unvon Janob Olimpiya etti marta tanlov; u bodibildingda taniqli ishtirokchi bo'lib qolmoqda va sportga oid ko'plab kitoblar va maqolalar yozgan. The Arnold sport festivali, janob Olimpiyadan keyin ikkinchi eng muhim bodibilding tadbiri deb hisoblanadi,[3] uning nomi bilan atalgan. U hamma vaqtlarning eng buyuk bodibildingchilaridan biri, shuningdek, sportning eng xarizmatik va taniqli elchisi sifatida tan olingan.[4]
Shvartsenegger Gollivudning jangovar filmlari belgisi sifatida dunyo miqyosida shuhrat qozondi. Uning kashfiyot filmi bo'ldi qilich va sehr doston Konan barbar (1982), natijada kassa zarbasi davomi 1984 yilda.[5] U paydo bo'ldi sarlavha belgisi yilda Jeyms Kemeron tanqidiy va tijorat jihatdan muvaffaqiyatli ilmiy fantastika filmi Terminator (1984) va keyinchalik filmning o'xshash filmlarida o'xshash rollarni ijro etdi Terminator 2: Qiyomat kuni (1991), Terminator 3: Mashinalarning ko'tarilishi (2003), Terminator Genisys (2015) va Terminator: Dark Fate (2019). U kabi boshqa muvaffaqiyatli aksion filmlarda ham rol o'ynagan Komando (1985), Yugurayotgan odam (1987), Yirtqich (1987), Jami eslab qolish (1990) va Haqiqiy yolg'on (1994) kabi komediya filmlaridan tashqari Egizaklar (1988), Bolalar bog'chasi politsiyachisi (1990), Kichik (1994) va Jingle All Way (1996).
Respublikachilar nomzodi sifatida Shvartsenegger birinchi bo'lib 2003 yil 7 oktyabrda saylangan maxsus chaqirib olinadigan saylov o'sha paytdagi Gubernatorni almashtirish Kulrang Devis. U 17-noyabr kuni Devisning qolgan muddatini o'tashga qasamyod qildi. Keyin u qayta saylandi 2006 yil Kaliforniyadagi gubernatorlik saylovi, to'liq muddat hokim bo'lib xizmat qilish.[6] 2011 yilda u gubernatorlik lavozimidagi ikkinchi muddatini tugatdi va o'z faoliyatini davom ettirdi.
Shvartsenegger bodibilding kunlarida "Avstriya Eman" laqabini olgan, "Arni" yoki "Shvarsi"[iqtibos kerak ] aktyorlik faoliyati davomida va "Gubernator" (a portmanteau "Hokim" va "Terminator" ning) siyosiy faoliyati davomida. U turmushga chiqdi Mariya Shriver, AQShning 35-prezidentining jiyani Jon F. Kennedi, 1986 yilda. Ular otasi borligini tan olganidan keyin 2011 yilda ajralib ketishdi noqonuniy bola 1997 yilda uy xizmatchisi bilan,[7] va ularning ajralishlari 2017 yilda yakunlandi. Uning ishlab chiqarish kompaniyasining nomi - Oak Productions.[8]
Hayotning boshlang'ich davri
Arnold Alois Shvartsenegger 1947 yil 30-iyulda tug'ilgan Tal, Shtiriya,[9] Aureliyaning ikkinchi o'g'li (Yadrni ismli ayol) va Gustav Shvartsenegger. Uning otasi mahalliy politsiya boshlig'i bo'lib, xizmat qilgan Ikkinchi jahon urushi kabi Hauptfeldwebel ixtiyoriy ravishda qo'shilgandan so'ng Natsistlar partiyasi 1938 yilda.[10] U yaralangan Stalingrad jangi,[11] ammo 1943 yilda jangdan so'ng zaxiraga olingan bezgak. U 1945 yil 20 oktyabrda Aureliyaga uylandi; u 38 yoshda edi va u 23 yoshda edi. Shvartseneggerning so'zlariga ko'ra, uning ota-onasi juda qattiqqo'l bo'lgan: "O'sha paytlarda Avstriyada bu umuman boshqacha dunyo edi ... agar biz yomon ish qilgan bo'lsak yoki ota-onamizga bo'ysunmasak, tayoq ham ayamadi."[12] U katolik oilasida o'sgan, u erda qatnashgan Massa har yakshanba.[13][14] Gustav Arnolddan ko'ra katta o'g'li Meinxardni afzal ko'rdi.[15] Uning tarafdorligi "kuchli va ochiqchasiga" edi, bu Arnold uning biologik farzandi emasligi haqidagi asossiz shubhalardan kelib chiqqan.[16] Shvartseneggerning aytishicha, otasi "sizning muammolaringizni tinglash yoki tushunishga sabr qilmagan".[13] U onasi bilan yaxshi munosabatda bo'lgan, u bilan u o'lguniga qadar aloqada bo'lgan.[17] Keyingi hayotda u buyurdi Simon Wiesenthal markazi Gustavning fashistlar partiyasiga a'zo bo'lishiga qaramay, vahshiyliklarga aloqadorligi to'g'risida hech qanday dalil topilmagan otasining urush davridagi yozuvlarini o'rganish va Sturmabteilung (SA).[15] Gustavning kelib chiqishi 2003 yilda katta matbuot e'tiboriga sazovor bo'ldi Kaliforniyani eslash kampaniya.[18]
Dastlabki ta'lim va bodibildingning boshlanishi
Ma'lumotlarga ko'ra, maktabda Shvartsenegger akademik jihatdan o'rtacha darajada bo'lgan, ammo "quvnoq, xushchaqchaq va xushchaqchaq" xarakteri bilan ajralib turardi.[13] Pul ularning uyida muammo edi; Shvartseneggerning eslashicha, yoshligidagi eng yorqin voqealardan biri bu oila muzlatgich sotib olgan paytidir.[16] Otasidan qattiq ta'sirlangan, u bolaligida bir nechta sport bilan shug'ullangan.[13] U boshladi vazn mashqlari 1960 yilda uning futbol bo'yicha murabbiyi jamoasini mahalliy sport zaliga olib borganida.[9] 14 yoshida u tanladi bodibilding mansab sifatida futbol ustida.[5][19] Keyinchalik u shunday dedi: "Men haqiqatan ham 15 yoshimda og'irlik mashqlarini boshlaganman, lekin men ko'p yillar davomida sport kabi sport bilan shug'ullanganman, shuning uchun o'zimni ingichka bo'lsam-da, yaxshi rivojlanganman deb o'ylardim, hech bo'lmaganda shu qadar Sport zaliga borishni boshlashim mumkin edi Olimpiya ko'tarish."[12] Ammo, uning rasmiy veb-saytining tarjimai holi "14 yoshida u Dan Farmer bilan intensiv o'quv dasturini boshlagan, 15 yoshida psixologiyani o'rgangan (ongning tanaga nisbatan kuchi to'g'risida ko'proq bilish uchun) va 17 yoshida raqobatdosh karerasini rasman boshlagan".[20] 2001 yilda nutq so'zlar ekan, u: "Mening rejam 14 yoshimda shakllangan. Otam meni o'zi kabi politsiya xodimi bo'lishimni xohlagan edi. Onam meni savdo maktabiga borishni xohlardi" dedi.[21]
Shvartsenegger sport zaliga tashrif buyurdi Graz kabi bodibilding butlarini ko'rish uchun u mahalliy kinoteatrlarga tez-tez tashrif buyurgan Reg Park, Stiv Rivz va Jonni Vaysmuller katta ekranda.[12] Rivz 2000 yilda vafot etganida, Shvartsenegger uni yaxshi eslardi: "Men o'spirinligimda Stiv Rivz bilan birga o'sganman. Uning ajoyib yutuqlari menga atrofdagilar har doim ham mening orzularimni tushuna olmaganlarida nima bo'lishi mumkinligini tushunishga imkon berdi. Stiv Rivz erishish baxtiga muyassar bo'lgan hamma narsaning bir qismi. " 1961 yilda Shvartsenegger Avstriyaning sobiq janob Kurt Marnul bilan uchrashdi, u uni Grazdagi sport zalida mashq qilishga taklif qildi.[9] U yoshligidan o'zini bag'ishlaganligi sababli, dam olish kunlari mahalliy sport zaliga yopiq bo'lsa ham mashg'ulot o'tkazish uchun kirib kelgan. "Jismoniy mashg'ulotni o'tkazib yuborish meni kasal qilardi ... Ertasi kuni ertalab o'zimni oynaga qarata olmasligimni bilardim." Shvartseneggerdan bolaligidagi ilk kino tajribasi haqida so'rashganda, u shunday javob berdi: "Men juda yosh edim, lekin otam meni Avstriya teatrlariga olib borganini va ba'zi bir voqealarni ko'rganini eslayman kinostudiyalar. Men ko'rgan birinchi haqiqiy film, aniq esimda, a Jon Ueyn film. "[12] Grazda Shvartseneggerga yahudiy ajdodlari bo'lgan va keyinchalik keyinchalik Alfred Gerstl ustozlik qilgan. Federal Kengash prezidenti va uning o'g'li Karl bilan do'stlashdi.[22][23]
Shvartseneggerning ukasi Meinxard 1971 yil 20 mayda avtohalokatda vafot etdi.[9] U edi mast holda haydash va bir zumda vafot etdi. Shvartsenegger uning dafn marosimida qatnashmadi. Meinxard Erika Knapp bilan unashtirilgan va ularning uch yoshli o'g'li bor edi Patrik. Shvartsenegger Patrikning o'qishi uchun pul to'lagan va unga AQShga ko'chib o'tishda yordam bergan.[16] Gustav 1972 yil 13 dekabrda qon tomiridan vafot etdi.[9] Yilda Nasosli temir, Shvarsenegger otasining dafn marosimida qatnashmaganini, chunki u bodibilding bo'yicha musobaqaga tayyorgarlik ko'rayotgani haqida aytdi. Keyinchalik, u va film prodyuseri ushbu voqea ba'zi bir bodibilderlardan olingan bo'lib, ba'zilar o'zlarining sportlari uchun boradigan haddan tashqari holatlarni namoyish etishlari va Shvartsenegger obrazini sovuqroq qilishlari uchun film uchun tortishuvlarni keltirib chiqarishgan.[24] Biroq, birinchi jiddiy sevgilisi Barbara Beyker, unga otasining o'limi to'g'risida hissiyotsiz xabar berganini va u hech qachon akasi haqida gapirmaganini esladi.[25] Vaqt o'tishi bilan u nima uchun otasining dafn marosimida yo'qligi haqida kamida uchta versiyani keltirdi.[16]
Bilan intervyuda Baxt 2004 yilda Shvartsenegger "endi qanday chaqirilishini" qanday azoblanganligini aytib berdi bolalarga nisbatan zo'ravonlik "otasining qo'lida:" Mening sochlarim taralgan edi. Meni belbog'lar bilan urishdi. Qo'shni bola ham shunday edi. Bu xuddi shunday edi. Men ko'rgan ko'plab bolalar ota-onalari tomonidan buzilgan, bu nemis-avstriyalik mentaliteti edi. Ular shaxsni yaratishni xohlamadilar. Hammasi mos kelish haqida edi. Men mos kelmaydigan va irodasini buzolmaydigan odam edim. Shuning uchun, men isyonkorga aylandim. Har safar meni urishganda va kimdir: "Siz buni qila olmaysiz", deb aytganida, men: "Bu uzoq davom etmaydi, chunki men bu erdan ko'chib ketaman. Men boy bo'lishni xohlayman. Men kimdir bo'lishni xohlayman. "[10]
Shvartsenegger yilda xizmat qilgan Avstriya armiyasi 1965 yilda barcha 18 yoshli avstriyalik erkaklar talab qilingan bir yillik xizmatni bajarish uchun.[9][20] Harbiy xizmat paytida u "Junior Mr. Europe" tanlovida g'olib chiqdi.[19] U ketdi AWOL u boshlang'ich mashg'ulotlar paytida u musobaqada qatnashishi mumkin edi va keyin bir hafta harbiy qamoqda o'tirdi: "Musobaqada qatnashish men uchun shunchalik katta ahamiyatga ega ediki, natijalarini yaxshilab o'ylab ko'rmadim." U Grazda, Steirerhof mehmonxonasida bodibilding bo'yicha yana bir musobaqaga qatnashdi va u ikkinchi o'rinni egalladi. U "Evropaning eng yaxshi qurilgan odami" deb tan olindi va bu uni bodibilding doiralarida mashhur qildi. " Janob koinot unvon - bu mening yulduzim bo'lish va boyishim mumkin bo'lgan imkoniyatlar mamlakati - Amerikaga bo'lgan chiptam edi. "[21] Shvartsenegger 1966 yilda birinchi samolyot safari bilan qatnashgan NABBA janob koinot Londonda raqobat.[20] U janob koinot musobaqasida ikkinchi o'rinni egalladi, amerikalik g'olibning mushak ta'rifiga ega emas Chester Yorton.[20]
1966 yilgi musobaqada hakamlardan biri bo'lgan Charlz "Vag" Bennett Shvartseneggerni hayratda qoldirdi va u unga murabbiylik qilishni taklif qildi. Shvartseneggerda ozgina pul bo'lganligi sababli, Bennett uni o'zining ikkita gimnastika zalidan birining tepasida, uni gavjum oilaviy uyida yashashga taklif qildi. O'rmon darvozasi, London. Yortonning oyoq ta'rifi ustun deb topildi va Shvartsenegger Bennett tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan o'quv dasturi asosida mushaklarning ta'rifi va kuchini yaxshilashga e'tibor qaratdi. Ichida qolish Londonning Sharqiy oxiri Shvartseneggerga ingliz tilini puxta anglashni yaxshilashga yordam berdi.[26][27] Bennettlar bilan yashash ham uni shaxs sifatida o'zgartirdi: "Ular bilan bo'lishim meni yanada murakkablashtirdi. Siz mening yoshim bo'lganingizda siz doimo ma'qullash, sevgi, e'tibor va yo'l-yo'riq izlaysiz. O'sha paytda men buni bilmas edim, ammo endi orqaga qarab, Bennett oilasi barcha bu ehtiyojlarni qondirganini ko'rmoqdaman, ayniqsa mening dunyodagi eng yaxshi bo'lishim kerak, tan olinishim va o'zimni noyob va o'zgacha his qilishim kerak. ... Ular menga bunday g'amxo'rlik va e'tibor va muhabbatga muhtoj ekanligimni ko'rishdi. "[28]
1966 yilda, Bennettning uyida bo'lganida, Shvartsenegger bolaligining buti bilan uchrashish imkoniyatiga ega edi Reg Park, uning do'sti va murabbiyiga aylangan.[28][29] Trening o'z samarasini berdi va 1967 yilda Shvartsenegger birinchi marta 20 yoshida eng yosh janob koinotga aylandi.[20] U unvonni yana uch marta qo'lga kiritgan.[19] Shvartsenegger keyin yana uchib ketdi Myunxen, u erda u biznes maktabida o'qigan va sog'liqni saqlash klubida ishlagan (1966 yildan 1968 yilgacha u erda ishlagan va mashq qilgan Rolf Putziger sport zali), 1968 yilda Londonga qaytib, o'zining navbatdagi janob koinot unvoniga sazovor bo'ldi.[20] U tez-tez aytib turardi Rojer C. Maydon, uning ingliz murabbiyi va o'sha paytdagi Myunxendagi do'sti, "Men eng zo'r aktyorga aylanaman!"[30]
10 yoshidan beri AQShga ko'chib o'tishni orzu qilgan va bodibildingni shu orqali o'tish yo'li deb bilgan Shvartsenegger,[31] o'z orzusini 1968 yil oktyabr oyida 21 yoshida Qo'shma Shtatlarga ko'chib kelib, ingliz tilida kam gaplashdi.[19][9] U erda u o'qidi Oltin sport zali yilda Venetsiya, Los-Anjeles, Kaliforniya, ostida Djo Vayder nazorat. 1970 yildan 1974 yilgacha Shvartseneggerning og'irlik bo'yicha mashq qilish bo'yicha sheriklaridan biri edi Rik Drazin, a professional kurashchi 1973 yilda Gold's Gym logotipining asl nusxasini yaratgan.[32] Shvartsenegger shuningdek, professional kurashchi bilan yaxshi do'st bo'lib qoldi Superyulduz Billi Grem. 1970 yilda, 23 yoshida, u birinchi odamini qo'lga kiritdi Janob Olimpiya Nyu-Yorkda ushbu unvonni qo'lga kiritdi va jami etti marta bu unvonga sazovor bo'ldi.[20]
Siskind & Susser immigratsiya bo'yicha yuridik firmasi Shvartsenegger biron kishi bo'lishi mumkinligini aytdi noqonuniy muhojir 1960-yillarning oxiri yoki 70-yillarning boshlarida uning qoidalariga zid bo'lganligi sababli viza.[33] LA haftalik Keyinchalik 2002 yilda Shvartsenegger Amerikadagi eng taniqli muhojir, u "qalin avstriyalik aksentni engib o'tgan va bodibildingning ehtimol bo'lmagan fonidan o'tib, 1990-yillarda dunyodagi eng katta kino yulduziga aylangan" deb aytgan.[31]
1977 yilda Shvartseneggerning tarjimai holi / vaznni oshirish bo'yicha qo'llanma Arnold: Bodibilder tarbiyasi katta muvaffaqiyatga aylandi.[9] 1977 yilda u geylar jurnalida suratga tushdi Zulmatdan keyin.[34][35] Kurslarning assortimentini olganligi sababli Santa Monika kolleji Kaliforniyada (shu jumladan ingliz tili darslari), shuningdek, keyingi yuqori divizion sinflarida Kaliforniya universiteti, Los-Anjeles UCLA-ning kengaytirilgan dasturining bir qismi sifatida Shvartsenegger shu vaqtgacha bitiruvning "ajoyib masofasida" bo'lish uchun etarli miqdorda kredit to'plagan. 1979 yilda u ro'yxatdan o'tgan Viskonsin universiteti - Superior masofaviy ta'lim talabasi sifatida, kurs ishlarining ko'p qismini sirtdan tugatgan va professorlar bilan uchrashish va yakuniy imtihonlarni topshirish uchun Superiorga uchib ketgan. 1980 yil may oyida u rasmiy ravishda diplom oldi va uni qabul qildi bakalavr diplomi biznesni boshqarish va marketing sohasida. U bor Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari fuqaroligi 1983 yilda.[36]
Shvartseneggerning aytishicha, shu vaqt ichida u dars berayotganini aytgan do'sti bilan uchrashgan Transandantal meditatsiya (TM), bu Shvartsenegger bilan kurashganligini oshkor qilishga undadi tashvish uning hayotida birinchi marta: "Hozir ham men [TM yilidan] foyda olaman, chunki men birlashmayman va narsalarni birlashtirmayman va hamma narsani bitta katta muammo deb bilaman."[37]
Bodibilding karerasi
| Arnold Shvartsenegger | |
|---|---|
| Bodibilder | |
 1974 yil ishtirokchisi sifatida Janob Olimpiya raqobat Madison Square Garden | |
| Shaxsiy ma'lumotlar | |
| Taxallus | Avstriyaning eman daraxti |
| Balandligi | 6 fut 2 dyuym (1,88 m)[20] |
| Og'irligi |
|
| Professional martaba | |
| Pro-debyut |
|
| Eng yaxshi g'alaba |
|
| O'tmishdosh | Serxio Oliva ('69), Frank Zeyn ('79) |
| Voris | Franko Kolumbu ('76, '81) |
| Faol | 1980 yil nafaqaga chiqqan |
| Musobaqa rekordlari | ||
|---|---|---|
| Erkaklar bodibilding | ||
| Vakil Avstriya | ||
| Janob Koinot (havaskor) | ||
| 1-chi | 1967 | |
| Janob Koinot (pro) | ||
| 1-chi | 1968 | |
| 1-chi | 1969 | |
| 1-chi | 1970 | |
| Janob Olimpiya | ||
| 2-chi | 1969 | |
| 1-chi | 1970 | |
| 1-chi | 1971 | |
| 1-chi | 1972 | |
| 1-chi | 1973 | |
| 1-chi | 1974 | |
| 1-chi | 1975 | |
| 1-chi | 1980 | |
| Pauerlifting[38] | ||
| Vakil Avstriya | ||
| Pauerlifting bo'yicha xalqaro chempionat | ||
| 1-chi | 1966 | +80 kg |
| Pauerlifting bo'yicha Germaniya chempionati | ||
| 2-chi | 1967 | +80 kg |
| 1-chi | 1968 | +80 kg |
| Graz-Paradise Keller pauerlifting chempionati | ||
| 2-chi | 1967 | +80 kg |
| Erkaklar Og'ir atletika[38] | ||
| Vakil Avstriya | ||
| Og'ir atletika bo'yicha o'smirlar o'rtasidagi Shtiriya chempionati | ||
| 1-chi | 1964 | |
| Og'ir atletika bo'yicha Germaniya Avstriya chempionati | ||
| 1-chi | 1965 | |
Shvartsenegger bodibilding tarixidagi eng muhim shaxslardan biri hisoblanadi,[3] va uning merosi yodga olinadi Arnold Classic bodibilding bo'yicha yillik musobaqa. U nafaqaga chiqqanidan keyin ham bodibildingda taniqli shaxs bo'lib qoldi, chunki qisman sport zallari va fitness jurnallariga egalik qilganligi sababli. U ko'plab tanlovlar va mukofotlar namoyishini boshqargan.
Ko'p yillar davomida u bodibilding jurnallari uchun oylik ustun yozdi Muskullar va fitness va Flex. Gubernator etib saylanganidan ko'p o'tmay, u asosan ramziy ma'noda ikkala jurnalning mas'ul muharriri etib tayinlandi. Jurnallar gubernatorning jismoniy tayyorgarlik bo'yicha har xil tashabbuslariga yiliga 250 ming dollar ajratishga kelishib oldilar. Shvartseneggerga yiliga kamida 1 million dollar beradigan shartnoma, shu jumladan, kelishuv 2005 yilda ommaga oshkor bo'lganda, ko'pchilik buni buni manfaatlar to'qnashuvi chunki hokimiyat tomonidan tartibga solish bo'yicha qarorlar qabul qilindi xun takviyeleri Kaliforniyada.[39] Binobarin, Shvartsenegger 2005 yilda ijrochi muharrirlik vazifasidan voz kechdi.[39] Egalik qiluvchi American Media Inc. Muskullar va fitness va Flex, 2013 yil mart oyida Shvartsenegger jurnallarning ijrochi muharriri bo'lish haqidagi yangi taklifini qabul qilganligini e'lon qildi.[39]
U g'olib chiqqan birinchi musobaqalardan biri 1965 yilda bo'lib o'tgan "Junior Mr. Europe" tanlovi.[9] U keyingi yil 19 yoshida janob Evropani yutdi.[9][20] U bodibilding bo'yicha ko'plab musobaqalarda qatnashib, ularning ko'pchiligida g'olib chiqardi. Uning bodibilding g'alabalari orasida janob koinotning beshta g'alabasi (4 - NABBA [Angliya], 1 - IFBB [AQSh]) va etti janob Olympia g'alaba qozondi, bu esa bu qadar saqlanib qoladi Li Xeni 1991 yilda ketma-ket sakkizinchi janob Olympia unvoniga sazovor bo'ldi.
Shvartsenegger ishlashni davom ettirmoqda. 2011 yil davomida uning shaxsiy mashg'ulotlari to'g'risida so'ralganda Arnold Classic u har kuni og'irlik bilan yarim soatlik mashq qilayotganini aytdi.[40]
Pauerlifting / og'ir atletika
Shvartsenegger bodibildingning dastlabki yillarida u bir nechta musobaqalarda ham qatnashgan Olimpiya og'ir atletikasi va pauerlifting tanlovlar. Shvartseneggerning birinchi professional musobaqasi 1963 yilda bo'lib o'tgan[41] va 1964 va 1965 yillarda og'ir atletika bo'yicha ikkita musobaqada, shuningdek 1966 va 1968 yillarda o'tkazilgan pauerlifting bo'yicha ikkita musobaqada g'olib chiqdi.[38]
1967 yilda Shvartsenegger g'olib chiqdi Myunxen tosh ko'tarish musobaqasi, unda og'irligi 508 nemis funt (254 kg / 560 lb) bo'lgan tosh ikki oyoq ustunida turgan holda oyoqlari orasidan ko'tariladi.
Shaxsiy yozuvlar
- Tozalash va bosing - 264 funt (120 kg)[38]
- Tortib oling - 243 funt (110 kg)[38]
- Toza va jirkanch - 298 funt (135 kg)[38]
- Squat - 545 funt (247 kg)[38]
- Dastgoh matbuoti - 520 funt (240 kg)[42][43]
- Deadlift - 710 funt (320 kg)[38]
Janob Olimpiya
Shvartseneggerning maqsadi dunyodagi eng buyuk bodibilder bo'lish edi, demak u bo'lish Janob Olimpiya.[9][20] Uning birinchi urinishi 1969 yilda uch karra chempionga yutqazganida bo'lgan Serxio Oliva. Biroq, Shvartsenegger 1970 yilda qaytib keldi va tanlovda g'olib bo'ldi va uni 23 yoshida janob Olimpianing eng yoshi qildi va bu rekord shu kungacha saqlanib kelmoqda.[20]
U 1971–74 yilgi musobaqalarda g'alabali seriyasini davom ettirdi.[20] Shuningdek, u turli mamlakatlarni sotish bilan shug'ullangan vitaminlar, kabi Xelsinki, Finlyandiya 1972 yilda, u YMCA Hotel Hospizda yashagan (bugungi kunda Artur mehmonxonasi)[44]) Vuorikatu-da va vitaminli tabletkalarni taqdim etdi Stockmann savdo markazi.[45][46] 1975 yilda Shvartsenegger yana bir bor eng yaxshi sport formasida edi va ketma-ket oltinchi marta ushbu nomga sazovor bo'ldi,[20] urish Franko Kolumbu. 1975 yilda janob Olympia musobaqasidan so'ng Shvartsenegger professional bodibildingdan ketishini e'lon qildi.[20]
1975 yil janob Olimpiya tanlovidan bir necha oy oldin, rejissyorlar Jorj Butler va Robert Fiore Shvartseneggerni bodibilding hujjatli filmidagi mashg'ulotlarini suratga olishga undashdi. Nasosli temir. Shvartsenegger filmga tushish uchun juda ozib ketganidan so'ng, musobaqaga tayyorgarlik ko'rish uchun atigi uch oy vaqt bor edi Och qoling bilan Jeff Bridges. Garchi sezilarli darajada balandroq va og'irroq bo'lsa ham, Lou Ferrigno tahdid emasligini isbotladi va odatdagidan engilroq Shvartsenegger 1975 yilda janob Olimpiyani ishonchli tarzda yutdi.
Shvartsenegger nafaqadan chiqdi, ammo 1980 yilda janob Olimpiada ishtirok etish uchun.[9] Shvartsenegger o'zining roli uchun mashq qilar edi Konan Va u yugurish, otda yurish va qilichbozlik mashqlari tufayli shu qadar yaxshi shaklga kirdiki, janob Olympia musobaqasida so'nggi marta g'olib chiqishni xohladim. O'quv mashg'ulotlari uning kirishiga to'sqinlik qilishi va yuzini yo'qotishiga olib kelishi mumkin bo'lgan taqdirda, u ushbu rejasini sir tutgan. Shvartsenegger ta'minlash uchun yollangan edi rangli sharh u soat o'n birda u erda bo'lganida "Nega musobaqalashmaysiz?" Shvartsenegger tadbirda g'oliblikni atigi etti haftalik tayyorgarlik bilan yakunladi. Ettinchi marotaba janob Olimpiya deb e'lon qilingan Shvartsenegger keyinchalik musobaqadan rasman nafaqaga chiqdi. Ushbu g'alaba (hujjatli film mavzusi "Qaytish ") juda ziddiyatli edi, chunki o'rtoq raqobatchilar va ko'plab kuzatuvchilar uning mushak massasi etishmasligi (ayniqsa sonlarida)[47] va subpar konditsionerligi unga o'sha yili juda raqobatbardosh tarkibdan o'tib ketishiga yo'l qo'ymasligi kerak edi;[3] Mayk Mentzer, xususan, o'zini aldangan deb his qildi va o'sha musobaqadan so'ng raqobatbardosh bodibildingdan voz kechdi.[48][49]
Ukoldan foydalanish
Shvartsenegger foydalanganligini tan oldi ishlashni yaxshilash anabolik steroidlar ular qonuniy bo'lganlar, 1977 yilda "steroidlar musobaqaga tayyorgarlik ko'rish paytida qattiq ovqatlanish paytida mushaklarning hajmini saqlashda menga yordam berdi. Men ularni mushaklarning o'sishi uchun ishlatmadim, aksincha kesish."[50] U giyohvand moddalarni "to'qimalarni qurish" deb atagan.[51]
1999 yilda Shvartsenegger o'zining steroiddan foydalanish va uning orasidagi bog'liqlik asosida uning erta o'lishini oldindan aytib bergan nemis shifokori Villi Xepeni sudga berdi. keyinchalik yurak muammolari. Shifokor uni hech qachon shaxsan tekshirmaganligi sababli, Shvartsenegger 10 000 AQSh dollar yig'di tuhmat Germaniya sudida unga nisbatan chiqarilgan hukm.[52] 1999 yilda Shvartsenegger ham sudga murojaat qildi va u bilan kelishdi Globus, bodibilderning kelajakdagi sog'lig'i to'g'risida shunga o'xshash bashorat qilgan AQSh tablodi.[53]
Musobaqalar ro'yxati
| Yil | Musobaqa[54] | Manzil | Natija va eslatmalar |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1965 | Kichik janob Evropa | Germaniya | 1-chi |
| 1966 | Evropaning eng yaxshi qurilgan odami | Germaniya | 1-chi |
| 1966 | Janob Evropa | Germaniya | 1-chi |
| 1966 | Pauerlifting bo'yicha xalqaro chempionat | Germaniya | 1-chi |
| 1966 | NABBA Mr. Universe havaskor | London | 2-dan Chet Yorton |
| 1967 | NABBA Mr. Universe havaskor | London | 1-chi |
| 1968 | NABBA Mr. Universe professional | London | 1-chi |
| 1968 | Pauerlifting bo'yicha Germaniya chempionati | Germaniya | 1-chi |
| 1968 | IFBB janob xalqaro | Meksika | 1-chi |
| 1968 | IFBB janob koinot | Florida | 2-dan Frank Zeyn |
| 1969 | IFBB Mr. Universe havaskor | Nyu York | 1-chi |
| 1969 | NABBA Mr. Universe professional | London | 1-chi |
| 1969 | Janob Olimpiya | Nyu York | 2-dan Serxio Oliva |
| 1970 | NABBA Mr. Universe professional | London | 1-chi (uning butini mag'lub etdi Reg Park ) |
| 1970 | AAU Janob Jahon | Kolumbus, Ogayo shtati | 1-chi (mag'lubiyatga uchragan Serxio Oliva birinchi marta) |
| 1970 | Janob Olimpiya | Nyu York | 1-chi |
| 1971 | Janob Olimpiya | Parij | 1-chi |
| 1972 | Janob Olimpiya | Essen, Germaniya | 1-chi |
| 1973 | Janob Olimpiya | Nyu York | 1-chi |
| 1974 | Janob Olimpiya | Nyu York | 1-chi |
| 1975 | Janob Olimpiya | Pretoriya, Janubiy Afrika | 1-chi (hujjatli filmning mavzusi Nasosli temir ) |
| 1980 | Janob Olimpiya | Sidney | 1-chi (hujjatli filmning mavzusi Qaytish ) |
Statistika
- Balandligi: 6 fut 2 dyuym (1,88 m)
- Musobaqa og'irligi: 235 funt (107 kg) - 1980 yildagi eng yengil janob Olimpiya: 225 funt (102 kg) atrofida, eng og'ir 1974 yilda janob Olimpiya: 250 funt (110 kg) atrofida[47][55]
- Mavsumdan tashqari vazn: 260 funt (118 kg)
- Ko'krak qafasi: 57 dyuym (1400 mm)
- Bel: 34 dyuym (860 mm)
- Qurollar: 22 dyuym (560 mm)
- Oyoqlari: 28,5 dyuym (720 mm)
- Buzoqlar: 510 mm (20 dyuym)[56]
Aktyorlik faoliyati
Dastlabki rollar
Shvartsenegger bodibildingdan aktyorlikka o'tishni xohladi va nihoyat unga bosh rolni o'ynash uchun tanlanganida erishdi Nyu-Yorkdagi Gerkules (1970). "Arnold Strong" sahna nomi ostida yozilgan, uning filmdagi talaffuzi shu qadar qalin ediki, uning satrlari shunday edi dublyaj qilingan ishlab chiqarilgandan keyin.[19] Uning ikkinchi film ko'rinishi a kar-soqov olomon xitmen Uzoq xayr (1973), undan keyin filmda ancha muhim qism bo'lgan Och qoling (1976), buning uchun u g'olib chiqdi Yilning yangi yulduzi - aktyor uchun "Oltin globus" mukofoti. Shvartsenegger o'zining aktyorlik karerasini rivojlantirishdagi dastlabki kurashlarini muhokama qildi: "Boshida bu men uchun juda qiyin bo'lgan - agentlar va kastinglar menga tanam" juda g'alati "ekanligini, kulgili aksentim borligini va mening ism juda uzun edi. Siz uni nomlaysiz va ular menga uni o'zgartirishim kerakligini aytishdi. Aslida, qayerga borsam ham, menga hech qanday imkoniyat yo'qligini aytishdi. "[12]
Shvartsenegger e'tiborni tortdi va o'z profilini ko'tarib chiqdi bodibilding film Nasosli temir (1977),[5][19] elementlari sahnalashtirilgan. 1991 yilda u filmga bo'lgan huquqlarni, uning harakatlarini va shu bilan bog'liq suratlarni sotib oldi.[57] 1977 yilda u bitta epizodda mehmonlar uchun chiqish qildi ABC sitcom San-Pedro plyajidagi bumlar va ABC politsiya protsessual San-Frantsisko ko'chalari. Shvartsenegger bosh rolni sinovdan o'tkazdi Ajoyib Hulk, lekin balandligi tufayli rolni qo'lga kirita olmadi. Keyinchalik, Lou Ferrigno Doktor Devid Bannerning o'zgaruvchan ego qismiga ega bo'ldi. Shvartsenegger paydo bo'ldi Kirk Duglas va Ann-Margret 1979 yilgi komediyada Yovuz odam. 1980 yilda u 1950 yilgi aktrisaning biografik filmida rol o'ynagan Jeyn Mensfild Mansfildning eri sifatida, Mikki Xargitay.
Harakat yulduzi
Shvartseneggerning kashfiyot filmi bo'ldi qilich va sehr doston Konan barbar 1982 yilda bu kassa zarbasi bo'lgan.[5] Buning ortidan davomi, Konan Destroyer, 1984 yilda, garchi u oldingisi kabi muvaffaqiyatli bo'lmagan bo'lsa ham.[58] 1983 yilda Shvartsenegger reklama videoida rol o'ynadi, Karnaval Rioda. 1984 yilda u o'zining birinchi nomini o'ziga xos belgi sifatida yaratdi va ba'zilar uning aktyorlik kariyerasida imzosi bo'lgan Jeyms Kemeron ilmiy fantastika triller filmi Terminator.[5][19][59] Buning ortidan Shvartsenegger amalga oshirdi Qizil Sonja 1985 yilda.[58]1980-yillarda tomoshabinlar Shvartsenegger bilan ham jangovor filmlarga ishtahani ochishdi Silvestr Stallone xalqaro yulduzlarga aylanish.[19] Ikki raqib matbuotda bir-birlariga hujum qilishdi va ko'proq ekrandagi qotilliklar va kattaroq qurollar bilan bir-biridan ustun turishga harakat qilishdi.[60] Shvartseneggerning rollari uning hazil tuyg'usini aks ettirib, uni yanada jiddiy jangovar qahramon filmlaridan ajratib turardi. U 1980-yillarda bir qator muvaffaqiyatli aksiyalar filmlarini suratga oldi, masalan Komando (1985), Xom bitim (1986), Yugurayotgan odam (1987), Yirtqich (1987) va Qizil issiqlik (1988).
Egizaklar (1988), komediya Danny DeVito, shuningdek muvaffaqiyatli bo'ldi. Jami eslab qolish (1990) Shvartseneggerdan 10 million dollar (bugungi kunda 19,6 million dollarga teng) va filmning 15 foiz daromadini qo'lga kiritdi. Ilmiy fantastika ssenariysi asosida film suratga olingan Filipp K. Dik qisqa hikoya "Siz uchun ulgurji savdoda eslab qolishimiz mumkin ". Bolalar bog'chasi politsiyachisi (1990) uni rejissyor bilan birlashtirdi Ivan Reytman uni kim boshqargan Egizaklar. Shvartsenegger rejissyorlik uchun qisqacha yo'l qo'ydi, avval teleserialning 1990 yildagi epizodi bilan Kriptodan ertaklar, "nomliKalit ",[61] va keyin 1992 yil bilan telemovie Konnektikutdagi Rojdestvo.[62] O'shandan beri u rejissyorlik qilmagan.
Shvartseneggerning tijorat cho'qqisi uning 1991-yilda bosh qahramon sifatida qaytishi edi Terminator 2: Qiyomat kuni, bu 1991 yildagi eng ko'p daromad keltirgan film edi. 1993 yilda Teatr egalarining milliy assotsiatsiyasi unga "Xalqaro o'n yillik yulduzi" deb nom berdi.[9] Uning keyingi film loyihasi, 1993 yilda o'zini o'zi anglagan aksiyalar komediyasi firibgarlik Oxirgi harakat qahramoni, qarama-qarshi chiqarildi Yura parki, va kassada yaxshi ishlamadi. Uning keyingi filmi - komediya dramasi Haqiqiy yolg'on (1994), mashhur josuslik filmi edi va Shvartseneggerning Jeyms Kemeron bilan birlashishini ko'rdi.
O'sha yili komediya Kichik Shvartseneggerning Ivan Reytman bilan uchta hamkorlikdagi so'nggi ishi va yana Denni DeVito bilan birgalikda rol o'ynagan. Ushbu film unga ikkinchi marta "Oltin globus" nominatsiyasini taqdim etdi Eng yaxshi aktyor - Musiqali yoki komediya. Undan keyin aksiyalar trilleri namoyish etildi Silgi (1996), Rojdestvo komediyasi Jingle All The Way (1996) va chiziq romanlarga asoslangan Batman va Robin (1997), unda u yovuz odamni o'ynagan Janob Freeze. Bu uning belidagi jarohatni tiklash uchun vaqt ajratishdan oldin uning so'nggi filmi edi. Ning muhim muvaffaqiyatsizligidan keyin Batman va Robin, uning kino karerasi va kassa obro'si pasayib ketdi. U g'ayritabiiy triller bilan qaytdi Kunlarning oxiri (1999), so'ngra jangovor filmlar 6-kun (2000) va Garovga etkazilgan zarar (2002), ikkalasi ham kassada muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchradi. 2003 yilda u uchinchi marta bosh belgi sifatida paydo bo'ldi Terminator 3: Mashinalarning ko'tarilishi AQSh dollari miqdorida daromad oldi (bugungi kunda 208 million dollarga teng).[63]
2002 yilda Shvartseneggerga bag'ishlab, Forum Stadtpark, mahalliy madaniy birlashma, balandligi 25 metr (80 fut) qurish rejalarini taklif qildi. Terminator markazdagi parkdagi haykal Graz. Xabar qilinishicha, Shvartsenegger xushomadgo'yligini aytdi, ammo pulni ijtimoiy loyihalarga sarflash yaxshiroq deb o'ylardi Maxsus Olimpiada.[64]
Iste'fo
Kaliforniya gubernatori bo'lganidan keyin uning filmidagi chiqishlari uch soniyali epizodni o'z ichiga olgan Yiqilish va 2004 yilda qayta tuzilgan 80 kun ichida dunyo bo'ylab. 2005 yilda u filmda o'zi kabi paydo bo'ldi Kid va men. U ovoz berdi Baron fon Steuben ichida Ozodlikning bolalari epizod "Valley Forge "U paydo bo'lishi haqida mish-mishlar tarqalgan edi Terminatorning najoti asl T-800 sifatida; u o'z ishtirokini rad etdi,[65] Lekin u oxir-oqibat birinchisining kadrlaridan filmga tushirilgan surati orqali qisqa vaqt ichida paydo bo'ldi Terminator kino.[66][67] Shvartsenegger Silvestr Stallone'sida paydo bo'ldi To'xtatib bo'lmaydiganlar, qaerda u a kameo ko'rinishi.
Aktyorlikka qaytish
2011 yil yanvar oyida Kaliforniyadagi lavozimini tark etganidan bir necha hafta o'tgach, Shvartsenegger bo'lajak filmlar uchun bir nechta yangi ssenariylarni o'qiyotganini e'lon qildi, ulardan biri Ikkinchi Jahon urushi aksion dramasi Burgut sifatida qanotlar bilan, tomonidan yozilgan Rendall Uolles, haqiqiy voqea asosida.[68][69]
2011 yil 6 martda Arnold seminarida Arnold Classic, Shvartsenegger u bir nechta filmlar, shu jumladan, filmning suratlari uchun ko'rib chiqilayotganligini ma'lum qildi Terminator va remakes Yirtqich va Yugurayotgan odam va u komikslar xarakterini "qadoqlash" edi.[70] Keyinchalik bu belgi aniqlandi hokim, xuddi shu nomdagi chiziq roman va animatsion seriyaning yulduzi. Shvartsenegger bu personajga ilhom berdi va uni birgalikda yaratdi Sten Li, seriyani kim ishlab chiqargan bo'lar edi. Shvartsenegger Gubernatorga ovoz bergan bo'lar edi.[71][72][73][74]
2011 yil 20 mayda Shvartseneggerning ko'ngil ochish bo'yicha maslahatchisi hozirda ishlab chiqilayotgan barcha kinoproektlar to'xtatilayotganini e'lon qildi: "Shvartsenegger shaxsiy ishlariga e'tibor qaratmoqda va biron bir ishlab chiqarish jadvallari yoki muddatlarini bajarishga tayyor emas".[75] 2011 yil 11 iyulda Shvartsenegger ajralish bilan bog'liq huquqiy muammolarga qaramay, qaytish filmini ko'rib chiqayotgani e'lon qilindi.[76] U paydo bo'ldi Xarajatlar 2 (2012),[77] va yulduzcha So'ngi jang (2013), uning 10 yil ichidagi birinchi etakchi roli va Qochish rejasi (2013), Silvestr Stallone bilan birga uning birinchi rol ijrochisi. U rol o'ynadi Sabotaj, 2014 yil mart oyida chiqarilgan va paydo bo'lgan Xarajatlar 3, 2014 yil avgustda chiqarilgan. U beshinchi Terminator filmida suratga tushgan Terminator Genisys 2015 yilda,[5][19][59][78] va uning rolini takrorlagan bo'lar edi Konan barbar yilda Konan haqidagi afsona,[79][80] keyinchalik o'zgartirildi Conan Fathi.[81] Biroq, 2017 yil aprel oyida prodyuser Kris Morgan "Universal" loyihani bekor qilganini aytdi, garchi teledastur namoyish qilinishi mumkin bo'lsa ham. Film voqeasi birinchisidan 30 yil o'tgach, bir oz ilhom bilan yozilishi kerak edi Klint Istvud "s Kechirilmaydi.[82]
2016 yil avgust oyida uning aksion-komediyasini suratga olish Nega biz Guntherni o'ldirayapmiz? filmni suratga olish joyi yaqinida bank qaroqchilari tomonidan vaqtincha to'xtatib qo'yilgan Surrey, Britaniya Kolumbiyasi.[83] U xarobalari haqida filmda suratga tushishi va prodyuserlik qilishi haqida e'lon qilindi Sanxingdui deb nomlangan Sanxingdui mehmoni, elchi sifatida.[84]
2018 yil 6 fevralda, Amazon studiyalari Shvartsenegger bilan yangi seriyani yaratish ustida ishlayotganlarini e'lon qildi Chet el unda u yulduz va ijro etuvchi mahsulot ishlab chiqaradi. 19-asrning oxirlarida Oklaxoma hind hududida tashkil etilgan g'arbiy dramada sahroda afsonaviy qonunbuzarni qo'lga olish vazifasi yuklangan, ammo adolatni ta'minlash uchun shafqatsiz Federal Marshal bilan sherik bo'lishga majbur bo'lgan deputat (Shvartsenegger tasvirida) kuzatiladi. to'g'ri xizmat ko'rsatiladi. Serial, shuningdek, Shvartseneggerning ssenariylarning birinchi yirik televizion roli sifatida belgilanadi.[85]
Shvartsenegger yana qaytib keldi Terminator bilan franchayzing Terminator: Dark Fate filmi 2019 yil 1 noyabrda chiqdi. Filmning hammuallifi Jeyms Kemeron tomonidan suratga olingan va u ilgari uni serialning dastlabki ikkita filmida suratga olgan. Haqiqiy yolg'on.[86][87] U otib tashlandi Almeriya, Vengriya va AQSh.[88]
Mashhur shogird
2015 yil sentyabr oyida OAV Shvartsenegger o'rnini egallashi kerakligini e'lon qildi Donald Tramp mezbon sifatida Yangi mashhur shogird.[89] Ushbu shou, 15-mavsum Shogird, 2016–2017 televizion mavsumi davomida namoyish etildi. Ko'rgazmada u o'zining taniqli rollaridan iqtibos bo'lgan "sen bekor qilasan" va "choppaga tush" iboralarini ishlatgan (Terminator va Yirtqich raqobatchilarni ishdan bo'shatish paytida.[90][91]
2017 yil mart oyida Trampning takroran tanqidlaridan so'ng, Shvartsenegger shouda yana bir mavsumga qaytib kelmasligini e'lon qildi. Shuningdek, u Trampning 2017 yil yanvar oyida Instagram orqali aytgan so'zlariga munosabat bildirdi: "Hey, Donald, menda juda yaxshi g'oya bor. Nega biz ish joyini almashtirmaymiz? Siz televizorni egallab olasiz, chunki siz reytingning bunday mutaxassisi ekansiz, men esa sizning Va keyin odamlar yana bemalol uxlashlari mumkin. "[92]
Filmografiya
Siyosiy martaba
Dastlabki siyosat
Shvartsenegger ro'yxatdan o'tgan Respublika ko'p yillar davomida. U aktyor bo'lganida, uning siyosiy qarashlari doimo tanilgan edi, chunki ular boshqa ko'plab taniqli Gollivud yulduzlarining qarashlariga zid edi, ular odatda liberal va Demokratik -jamiyatni tozalash. Da 2004 yil respublikachilarning milliy anjumani, Shvartsenegger nutq so'zlab, respublikachi ekanligini tushuntirdi, chunki 1960-yilgi demokratlar avstriyalik sotsialistlarga juda o'xshab ketardi.[93]
Nihoyat, bu erga 1968 yilda keldim. Bu qanday ajoyib kun edi. Esimda, bu erga bo'sh cho'ntaklar bilan kelganman, lekin orzularga to'la, qat'iyat va istaklarga to'la. The prezidentlik kampaniyasi avjida edi. Men tomosha qilganimni eslayman Nikson –Xemfri televizorda prezidentlik poygasi. Men uchun nemis va ingliz tillarini biladigan do'stim tarjima qildi. Men Xamfri sotsializmga o'xshab ketadigan gaplarni aytganini eshitdim, u men allaqachon tark etgan edim, lekin keyin Niksonning gaplarini eshitdim. U erkin tadbirkorlik, hukumatni orqangizdan olish, soliqlarni pasaytirish va armiyani kuchaytirish haqida gapirdi. Niksonning nutqini tinglash ko'proq toza nafasga o'xshardi. Do'stimga aytdim, dedim: "U qanday ziyofat?" Do'stim "U respublikachi" dedi. Men: "Demak, men respublikachiman", dedim. Va men o'shandan beri respublikachiman.
1985 yilda Shvartsenegger paydo bo'ldi "Jinnilikni to'xtating "homiyligida giyohvandlikka qarshi musiqiy video Reygan ma'muriyati. U birinchi marta respublikachi sifatida keng jamoatchilik e'tiboriga tushdi 1988 yil prezident saylovi, u bilan birga - vitse-prezident Jorj H. V. Bush saylovoldi mitingida.[94]
Shvartseneggerning birinchi siyosiy tayinlanishi rais sifatida tayinlangan Prezidentning jismoniy tarbiya va sport bo'yicha kengashi, u 1990 yildan 1993 yilgacha xizmat qilgan.[9] U tomonidan nomzod qilingan Jorj H. V. Bush, kim uni dublyaj qildi "Konan Keyinchalik u Kaliforniya gubernatorining gubernator huzuridagi jismoniy tarbiya va sport bo'yicha kengashi raisi bo'lib ishlagan Pit Uilson.
1993-1994 yillarda Shvartsenegger a Qizil Xoch elchi (taniqli shaxslar tomonidan bajariladigan tantanali rol), bir nechta televizion va radiolarni yozib olish davlat xizmatlari to'g'risida e'lonlar qon topshirmoq.
Bilan intervyuda Gapir 1999 yil oxirida jurnaldan Shvartseneggerdan saylovda qatnashishni o'ylayapsizmi, deb so'rashdi. U javob berdi: "Men bu haqda ko'p marta o'ylayman. Imkoniyat shu erda, chunki men buni ichimda his qilaman". Hollywood Reporter Shvartsenegger nomzodini qo'yishi mumkinligi haqidagi taxminlarni tugatishga intilganidan ko'p o'tmay da'vo qildi Kaliforniya gubernatori. Shvartsenegger o'zining dastlabki izohlaridan so'ng, "Men shou-biznesda - men o'zimning kareramning o'rtasidaman. Nega men bundan uzoqlashib, boshqa narsaga sakrab tushaman?"[95]
Kaliforniya gubernatori
Arnold Shvartsenegger a mo''tadil respublikachi.[96] Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, u fiskal jihatdan konservativ va ijtimoiy jihatdan liberaldir.[97] Abort masalasida u o'zini quyidagicha ta'riflaydi tanlov uchun tanlov, lekin voyaga etmaganlar uchun ota-onalarning xabarnomasini va tug'ruqdan abort qilishni taqiqlashni qo'llab-quvvatlaydi.[98] U maishiy sheriklik kabi gey huquqlarini qo'llab-quvvatladi va u gubernator sifatida bir jinsli nikohni amalga oshirdi.[99]
Shvartsenegger o'z nomzodini e'lon qildi 2003 yil Kaliforniyadagi saylovlarni qayta chaqirish Kaliforniya gubernatori uchun 2003 yil 6 avgustda bo'lib o'tgan voqea Jey Leno ishtirokidagi Tonight Show.[19] Shvarsenegger olomon nomzodlar maydonida eng ko'p nom tan olingan, ammo u hech qachon davlat lavozimlarida ishlamagan va uning siyosiy qarashlari aksariyat Kaliforniya aholisi uchun noma'lum bo'lgan. Uning nomzodi darhol milliy va xalqaro yangiliklarga aylandi, ommaviy axborot vositalari uni "Gubernator" deb atashdi (nazarda tutilmoqda) Terminator filmlar, yuqoriga qarang) va "Yugurayotgan odam "(uning yana bir filmining nomi) va qayta chaqirilgan saylovni tayinlash"Jami eslab qolish "(Shvartsenegger ishtirokidagi yana bir film). Shvartsenegger qayta chaqirilgan boshqa nomzodlar bilan bir nechta bahslarda qatnashishdan bosh tortdi va 2003 yil 24 sentyabrda faqat bitta bahsda qatnashdi.[100]
2003 yil 7 oktyabrda qayta chaqirilgan saylov natijasida Gubernator o'tkazildi Kulrang Devis 55,4% bilan ishdan bo'shatilgan Ha chaqirib olish uchun ovoz berish. Shvartsenegger, Devisning o'rnini bosuvchi shaxsni tanlash uchun 48,6% ovoz bilan ovoz berishdagi ikkinchi savolga binoan Kaliforniya gubernatori etib saylandi. Shvartsenegger Demokratni mag'lub etdi Kruz Bustamante, o'rtoq respublikachi Tom Makklintok va boshqalar. Uning eng yaqin raqibi Bustamante 31% ovoz oldi. Umuman olganda, Shvartsenegger saylovlarda taxminan 1,3 million ovoz bilan g'olib bo'ldi. Qoidalariga muvofiq Kaliforniya konstitutsiyasi, ikkinchi bosqich saylovlari talab qilinmadi. Shvartsenegger Irlandiyada tug'ilgan gubernatordan keyin Kaliforniyada chet elda tug'ilgan ikkinchi gubernator edi Jon G. Dauni 1862 yilda.
Shvartsenegger tozalashda o'zining vakolati deb bilgan narsalarga asoslanib oldi siyosiy to'siq. Eskizdagi iboralar asosida qurish "Xans va Franz "dan Saturday Night Live (bu uning bodibilding karerasini qisman parodiya qilgan), Shvartsenegger Demokratik davlat siyosatchilari "girlie erkaklar ".[101]
Shvartseneggerning dastlabki g'alabalari orasida avtotransport vositalarini ro'yxatdan o'tkazish narxining ommabop bo'lmagan ko'tarilishini bekor qilish, shuningdek haydovchilik guvohnomalarini noqonuniy muhojirlarga berilishining oldini olish bor edi, ammo keyinchalik kuchli davlat kasaba uyushmalari uning turli tashabbuslariga qarshi chiqa boshlagach, u o'zini qattiq his qila boshladi. Uning siyosiy voqelik bilan hisob-kitobi orasida asosiy narsa bu edi maxsus saylov u 2005 yil noyabr oyida qo'ng'iroq qildi, unda homiylik qilgan to'rtta saylov byulleteni mag'lub bo'ldi. Shvarsenegger mag'lubiyat uchun shaxsiy javobgarlikni o'z zimmasiga oldi va Kaliforniya aholisi uchun konsensus izlashni davom ettirishga va'da berdi. Keyinchalik u "agar muxolifat sizni mag'lub etish uchun 160 million dollar yig'sa, hech kim g'alaba qozonolmaydi", deb izoh beradi. Keyinchalik AQSh Oliy sudi davlat ishchilar kasaba uyushmalarining kampaniya davomida majburiy mablag 'yig'ishni noqonuniy deb topdi Xizmat ko'rsatuvchi xodimlarning xalqaro ittifoqiga qarshi, mahalliy 1000.[102]
Shvartsenegger, boshqa respublikachi strateglar maslahatiga qarshi, demokrat Syuzan Kennedini o'zining shtab boshlig'i etib tayinladi. He gradually moved towards a more politically moderate position, determined to build a winning legacy with only a short time to go until the next gubernatorial election.
Schwarzenegger ran for re-election against Democrat Fil Anjelides, Kaliforniya shtati xazinachisi, ichida 2006 yilgi saylovlar, held on November 7, 2006. Despite a poor year nationally for the Republican party, Schwarzenegger won re-election with 56.0% of the vote compared with 38.9% for Angelides, a margin of well over 1 million votes.[103] Around this time, many commentators saw Schwarzenegger as moving away from the right and towards the center of the political spectrum. After hearing a speech by Schwarzenegger at the 2006 Martin Lyuter Kingning kuni breakfast, in which Schwarzenegger said, in part "How wrong I was when I said everyone has an equal opportunity to make it in America [...] the state of California does not provide (equal) education for all of our children", San Francisco mayor & future governor of California Gavin Newsom said that "[H]e's becoming a Democrat [... H]e's running back, not even to the center. I would say center-left".[104]
Some speculated that Schwarzenegger might run for the Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Senati in 2010, as his governorship would be term-limited by that time. Such rumors turned out to be false.[105][106]
Wendy Leigh, who wrote an unofficial biography on Schwarzenegger, claims he plotted his political rise from an early age using the movie business and bodibilding as the means to escape a depressing home.[15] Leigh portrays Schwarzenegger as obsessed with power and quotes him as saying, "I wanted to be part of the small percentage of people who were leaders, not the large mass of followers. I think it is because I saw leaders use 100% of their potential – I was always fascinated by people in control of other people."[15] Schwarzenegger has said that it was never his intention to enter politics, but he says, "I married into a political family. You get together with them and you hear about policy, about reaching out to help people. I was exposed to the idea of being a public servant and Eunice and Sarjent Shriver became my heroes."[31] Eunice Kennedy Shriver was the sister of Jon F. Kennedi, and mother-in-law to Schwarzenegger; Sargent Shriver is husband to Eunice and father-in-law to Schwarzenegger.
Schwarzenegger cannot run for U.S. President as he is not a tabiiy ravishda tug'ilgan AQSh fuqarosi. Schwarzenegger is a ikkilamchi Austrian and United States citizen.[107] U ushlab turdi Avstriya fuqaroligi since birth and AQSh fuqaroligi since becoming naturalized in 1983. Being Austrian and thus European, he was able to win the 2007 Evropa ovozi campaigner of the year award for taking action against climate change with the California 2006 yilgi global isish uchun echimlar to'g'risidagi qonun and plans to introduce an emissions trading scheme with other US states and possibly with the EU.[108]
Because of his personal wealth from his acting career, Schwarzenegger did not accept his governor's salary of $175,000 per year.[109]
Schwarzenegger's endorsement in the Respublika birlamchi ning 2008 yil AQSh prezident saylovi was highly sought; despite being good friends with candidates Rudy Giuliani va senator Jon Makkeyn, Schwarzenegger remained neutral throughout 2007 and early 2008. Giuliani dropped out of the presidential race on January 30, 2008, largely because of a poor showing in Florida, and endorsed McCain. Later that night, Schwarzenegger was in the audience at a Republican debate at the Ronald Reygan nomidagi Prezident kutubxonasi Kaliforniyada. The following day, he endorsed McCain, joking, "It's Rudy's fault!" (in reference to his friendships with both candidates and that he could not make up his mind). Schwarzenegger's endorsement was thought to be a boost for Senator McCain's campaign; both spoke about their concerns for the environment and economy.[110]
In its April 2010 report, Progressiv ethics watchdog group Vashingtonda fuqarolar javobgarlik va axloq qoidalari uchun named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in the United States because of various ethics issues throughout Schwarzenegger's term as governor.[111][112]
Governor Schwarzenegger played a significant role in opposing Proposition 66, a proposed amendment of the Californian Uch urish qonuni, in November 2004. This amendment would have required the third felony to be either violent or serious to mandate a 25-years-to-life sentence. In the last week before the ballot, Schwarzenegger launched an intensive campaign[113] against Proposition 66.[114] He stated that "it would release 26,000 dangerous criminals and rapists".[115]
Although he began his tenure as governor with record high approval ratings (as high as 65% in May 2004),[116] he left office with a record low 23%,[117] only one percent higher than that of Gray Davis, when he was recalled in October 2003.
Death of Louis Santos
In May 2010, Esteban Núñez pleaded guilty to involuntary manslaughter and was sentenced to 16 years in prison for the death of Louis Santos. Núñez is the son of Fabian Nunez, keyin Kaliforniya assambleyasi Speaker of the House and a close friend and staunch political ally of then governor Schwarzenegger.[118][119][120][121]
As a personal favor to "a friend", just hours before he left office, and as one of his last official acts, Schwarzenegger almashtirildi Núñez's sentence by more than half, to seven years.[120][122][123] Against protocol, Schwarzenegger did not inform Santos' family or the San Diego County prosecutors about the commutation. They learned about it in a call from a reporter.[123]
The Santos family, along with the San Diego district attorney, sued to stop the commutation, claiming that it violated Marsi qonuni. In September 2012, Sacramento County superior court judge Lloyd Connelly stated, "Based on the evidentiary records before this court involving this case, there was an abuse of discretion...This was a distasteful commutation. It was repugnant to the bulk of the citizenry of this state." However, Connelly ruled that Schwarzenegger remained within his executive powers as governor.[118] Subsequently, as a direct result of the way the commutation was handled, Governor Jerri Braun signed a bipartisan bill that allows offender's victims and their families to be notified at least 10 days before any commutations.[124] Núñez was released from prison after serving less than six years.[125]
Allegations of sexual misconduct and drug use
During his initial campaign for governor in 2003, allegations of sexual and personal misconduct were raised against Schwarzenegger.[126] Within the last five days before the election, news reports appeared in the Los Anjeles Tayms recounting allegations of sexual misconduct from several individual women, six of whom eventually came forward with their personal stories.[127] Three of the women claimed he had grabbed their ko'krak, a fourth said he placed his hand under her skirt on her buttock. A fifth woman claimed Schwarzenegger tried to take off her bathing suit in a hotel elevator, and the last said he pulled her onto his lap and asked her about a sex act.[126]
Schwarzenegger replied in 2004 that he has "behaved badly sometimes" and apologized, but also stated that "a lot of [what] you see in the stories is not true". This led to a resurfacing of an interview in adult magazine Oui from 1977, in which Schwarzenegger discussed attending sexual orgiyalar and using substances such as marixuana.[128] Schwarzenegger is shown smoking a marijuana joint after winning Mr. Olympia in 1975 in the documentary film Nasosli temir. Bilan intervyuda GQ magazine in October 2007, Schwarzenegger said, "[Marijuana] is not a drug. It's a leaf. My drug was pumping iron, trust me."[129] His spokesperson later said the comment was meant to be a joke.[129]
British television personality Anna Richardson settled a libel lawsuit in August 2006 against Schwarzenegger, his top aide, Sean Walsh, and his publicist, Sheryl Main.[130] A joint statement read: "The parties are content to put this matter behind them and are pleased that this legal dispute has now been settled."[130] Richardson claimed they tried to tarnish her reputation by dismissing her allegations that Schwarzenegger touched her breast during a press event for 6-kun Londonda.[131] She claimed Walsh and Main libeled her in a Los Anjeles Tayms article when they contended she encouraged his behavior.[130]
Fuqarolik
Schwarzenegger became a naturalized U.S. citizen on September 17, 1983.[132] Shortly before he gained his citizenship, he asked the Austrian authorities for the right to keep his Avstriya fuqaroligi, as Austria does not usually allow ikki fuqarolik. His request was granted, and he retained his Austrian citizenship.[133] 2005 yilda, Peter Pilz, a'zosi Avstriya parlamenti dan Avstriyaning Yashil partiyasi, unsuccessfully advocated for Parliament to revoke Schwarzenegger's Austrian citizenship due to his decision not to prevent the executions of Donald Beardslei va Stenli Uilyams. Pilz argued that Schwarzenegger caused damage to Austria's reputation in the international community because Austria abolished the death penalty in 1968. Pilz based his argument on Article 33 of the Austrian Citizenship Act, which states: "A citizen, who is in the public service of a foreign country, shall be deprived of his citizenship if he heavily damages the reputation or the interests of the Austrian Republic."[107] Pilz claimed that Schwarzenegger's actions in support of the death penalty (prohibited in Austria under Protocol 13 of the Inson huquqlari bo'yicha Evropa konventsiyasi ) had damaged Austria's reputation. Schwarzenegger explained his actions by pointing out that his only duty as Governor of California with respect to the death penalty was to correct an error by the justice system by pardon or clemency if such an error had occurred.
Environmental record
On September 27, 2006, Schwarzenegger signed the 2006 yilgi global isish uchun echimlar to'g'risidagi qonun, creating the nation's first cap on issiqxona gazi emissiya. The law set new regulations on the amount of emissions utilities, refineries, and manufacturing plants are allowed to release into the atmosphere. Schwarzenegger also signed a second global warming bill that prohibits large utilities and corporations in California from making long-term contracts with suppliers who do not meet the state's greenhouse gas emission standards. The two bills are part of a plan to reduce California's emissions by 25 percent to 1990s levels by 2020. In 2005, Schwarzenegger issued an executive order calling to reduce greenhouse gases to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050.[134]
Schwarzenegger signed another executive order on October 17, 2006, allowing California to work with the Northeast's Issiqxona gazining mintaqaviy tashabbusi. They plan to reduce karbonat angidrid emissions by issuing a limited amount of carbon credits to each power plant in participating states. Any power plants that exceed emissions for the number of carbon credits will have to purchase more credits to cover the difference. The plan took effect in 2009.[135] In addition to using his political power to fight global warming, the governor has taken steps at his home to reduce his personal carbon footprint. Schwarzenegger has adapted one of his Hummers to run on hydrogen and another to run on biofuels. He has also installed solar panels to heat his home.[136]
In respect for his contribution to the direction of the US motor industry, Schwarzenegger was invited to open the 2009 SAE World Congress in Detroit, on April 20, 2009.[137]
In 2011, Schwarzenegger founded the R20 Iqlim harakatining mintaqalari to develop a sustainable, low-carbon economy.[138] In 2017, he joined French President Emmanuel Makron qabul qilishga chaqirishda Atrof-muhit uchun global pakt.[139]
Saylov tarixi
| Partiya | Nomzod | Ovozlar | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respublika | Arnold Shvartsenegger | 4,206,284 | 48.6 | ||
| Demokratik | Kruz Bustamante | 2,724,874 | 31.5 | ||
| Respublika | Tom Makklintok | 1,161,287 | 13.5 | ||
| Yashil | Peter Miguel Camejo | 242,247 | 2.8 | ||
| Partiya | Nomzod | Ovozlar | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respublika | Arnold Schwarzenegger (incumbent) | 4,850,157 | 55.9 | +7.3 | |
| Demokratik | Fil Anjelides | 3,376,732 | 39.0 | ||
| Yashil | Peter Miguel Camejo | 205,995 | 2.3 | −0.5 | |
Prezidentlik ambitsiyalari
The O'zgarishlarni boshqarish uchun teng imkoniyat in 2003 was widely accredited as the "Amend for Arnold" bill, which would have added an tuzatish to the U.S. Constitution allowing his run, as he was not a natural born citizen. In 2004, the "Amend for Arnold" campaign was launched, featuring a website and TV advertising promotion.[140]
In June 2007, Schwarzenegger was featured on the cover of TIME magazine with Michael Bloomberg, and subsequently, the two joked about a Presidential ticket together.[141]
2013 yil oktyabr oyida Nyu-York Post reported that Schwarzenegger was exploring a future run for president. The former California governor would face a konstitutsiyaviy hurdle; Article II, Section I, Clause V prevents individuals who are not natural-born citizens of the United States from assuming the office. He has reportedly been lobbying legislators about a possible constitutional change, or filing a legal challenge to the provision. Kolumbiya universiteti huquqshunos professor Maykl Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it's not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."[142]
Biznes martaba
Schwarzenegger has had a highly successful business career.[15][31] Following his move to the United States, Schwarzenegger became a "prolific goal setter" and would write his objectives at the start of the year on index cards, like starting a mail order business or buying a new car – and succeed in doing so.[25] By the age of 30, Schwarzenegger was a millionaire, well before his career in Hollywood. His financial independence came from his success as a budding entrepreneur with a series of lucrative business ventures and investments.
Bricklaying business
In 1968, Schwarzenegger and fellow bodybuilder Franko Kolumbu started a bricklaying business. The business flourished thanks to the pair's marketing savvy and an increased demand following the 1971 yil San-Fernandodagi zilzila.[143][144] Schwarzenegger and Columbu used profits from their bricklaying venture to start a mail-order business, selling bodybuilding and fitness-related equipment and instructional tapes.[9][143]
Investitsiyalar
Schwarzenegger transferred profits from the mail-order business and his bodybuilding-competition winnings into his first real estate investment venture: an apartment building he purchased for $10,000. He would later go on to invest in a number of real estate holding companies.[145][146]
Stallone and Schwarzenegger ended their longtime rivalry by both investing in the Gollivud sayyorasi[60] chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock kafesi ) bilan birga Bryus Uillis va Demi Mur. Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000.[147][148] Schwarzenegger said the company had not had the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career.[147]
He also invested in a shopping mall in Kolumbus, Ogayo shtati. He has talked about some of those who have helped him over the years in business: "I couldn't have learned about business without a parade of teachers guiding me... from Milton Fridman ga Donald Tramp... and now, Les Veksner va Uorren Baffet. I even learned a thing or two from Planet Hollywood, such as when to get out! And I did!"[21] He has significant ownership in O'lchovli fond maslahatchilari, investitsiya firmasi.[149] Schwarzenegger is also the owner of Arnold's Sports Festival, which he started in 1989 and is held annually in Columbus, Ohio. It is a festival that hosts thousands of international health and fitness professionals which has also expanded into a three-day expo. He also owns a movie production company called Oak Productions, Inc. and Fitness Publications, a joint publishing venture with Simon va Shuster.[150]
Restoran
In 1992, Schwarzenegger and his wife opened a restaurant in Santa Monika deb nomlangan Schatzi On Main. Shatsi literally means "little treasure," and colloquially "honey" or "darling" in German. In 1998, he sold his restaurant.[151]
Boylik
Schwarzenegger's net worth had been conservatively estimated at $100 million to $200 million.[152] After separating from his wife, Mariya Shriver, in 2011, it has been estimated that his net worth has been approximately $400 million, and even as high as $800 million, based on tax returns he filed in 2006.[153]
Over the years, he invested his bodybuilding and film earnings in an array of stocks, bonds, privately controlled companies, and real estate holdings worldwide, making his net worth as an accurate estimation difficult to calculate, particularly in light of declining real estate values owing to iqtisodiy tanazzullar AQShda va Evropa since the late 2000s. In June 1997, Schwarzenegger spent $38 million of his own money on a private Gulfstream jet.[154] Schwarzenegger once said of his fortune, "Money doesn't make you happy. I now have $50 million, but I was just as happy when I had $48 million."[15]
Tijorat reklamalari
He appears in a series of commercials for the Machine Zone o'yin Mobile Strike as a military commander and spokesman.[155]
Shaxsiy hayot
Dastlabki munosabatlar
In 1969, Schwarzenegger met Barbara Outland (later Barbara Outland Baker), an English teacher with whom he lived until 1974.[156] Schwarzenegger said of Baker in his 1977 memoir, "Basically it came down to this: she was a well-balanced woman who wanted an ordinary, solid life, and I was not a well-balanced man, and hated the very idea of ordinary life."[156] Baker has described Schwarzenegger as a "joyful personality, totally charismatic, adventurous, and athletic" but claims that towards the end of the relationship he became "insufferable—classically conceited—the world revolved around him".[157] Baker published her memoir in 2006, entitled Arnold and Me: In the Shadow of the Austrian Oak.[158] Although Baker painted an unflattering portrait of her former lover at times, Schwarzenegger actually contributed to the tell-all book with a foreword, and also met with Baker for three hours.[158]
Baker claims that she only learned of his being unfaithful after they split, and talks of a turbulent and passionate love life.[158] Schwarzenegger has made it clear that their respective recollection of events can differ.[158] The couple first met six to eight months after his arrival in the U.S. Their first date was watching the first Apollo Moon landing televizorda.[25] Ular bir xonadonda bo'lishdi Santa-Monika, Kaliforniya, for three and a half years, and having little money, they would visit the beach all day or have barbecues in the back yard.[25] Although Baker claims that when she first met Schwarzenegger, he had "little understanding of polite society" and she found him a turn-off, she says, "He's as much a o'zini o'zi yaratgan odam as it's possible to be—he never got encouragement from his parents, his family, his brother. He just had this huge determination to prove himself, and that was very attractive ... I'll go to my grave knowing Arnold loved me."[25]
Schwarzenegger met his next lover, Beverli Xillz hairdresser's assistant Sue Moray, on Venetsiya plyaji in July 1977. According to Moray, the couple led an ochiq munosabatlar: "We were faithful when we were both in LA... but when he was out of town, we were free to do whatever we wanted."[16] Schwarzenegger met television journalist Mariya Shriver, niece of President Jon F. Kennedi, at the Robert F. Kennedy Tennis Tournament in August 1977. He went on to have a relationship with both Moray and Shriver until August 1978, when Moray (who knew of his relationship with Shriver) issued an ultimatum.[16]
Nikoh va oila
On April 26, 1986, Schwarzenegger married Shriver in Hyannis, Massachusets. The Rev. John Baptist Riordan performed the ceremony at St. Francis Xavier Catholic Church.[159] Ularning to'rtta farzandi bor: Katherine Eunice Schwarzenegger (born December 13, 1989), Christina Maria Aurelia Schwarzenegger (born July 23, 1991),[160] Patrick Arnold Shriver Schwarzenegger (1993 yil 18 sentyabrda tug'ilgan),[161] and Christopher Sargent Shriver Schwarzenegger (born September 27, 1997).[162] All of their children were born in Los Angeles.[163] The family lived in a 11,000-square-foot (1,000 m2) home in the Brentvud neighborhood of Los Angeles, California,[164][165] with vacation homes in Aydaho shtatidagi Sun vodiysi va Massachusets shtatidagi Hyannis porti.[166] Ular ishtirok etishdi St. Monica's Catholic Church.[167]
Ajrashish
On May 9, 2011, Shriver and Schwarzenegger ended their relationship after 25 years of marriage, with Shriver moving out of the couple's Brentwood mansion.[168][169][170] 2011 yil 16-may kuni Los Anjeles Tayms revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son more than 14 years earlier with an employee in their household, Mildred Patricia "Patty" Baena.[171][172][173] "After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger said issued to The Times. In the statement, Schwarzenegger did not mention that he had confessed to his wife only after she had confronted him with the information, which she had done after confirming with the housekeeper what she had suspected about the child.[174]
Baena is of Gvatemala kelib chiqishi. She was employed by the family for 20 years and retired in January 2011.[175] The pregnant Baena was working in the home while Shriver was pregnant with the youngest of the couple's four children.[176] Baena's son with Schwarzenegger, Joseph,[177] was born on October 2, 1997,[178] and Shriver gave birth to Christopher a few days before on September 27, 1997.[179] Schwarzenegger says it took seven or eight years before he found out that he had fathered a child with his housekeeper. It was not until the boy "started looking like [him] ... that [he] put things together".[180] Schwarzenegger has taken financial responsibility for the child "from the start and continued to provide support".[181] KNX 1070 radio reported that in 2010 he bought a new four-bedroom house with a pool for Baena and their son in Bakersfield, Kaliforniya.[182] Baena separated from her husband, Rogelio, a few months after Joseph's birth. She filed for divorce in 2008.[183] Rogelio said that the child's birth certificate was falsified and that he planned to sue Schwarzenegger for engaging in conspiracy to falsify a public document, a serious crime in California.[184]
Pursuant to the divorce judgment, Schwarzenegger kept the Brentwood home, while Shriver purchased a new home nearby so that the children could travel between their parents' homes. They shared custody of the two youngest children.[185] Schwarzenegger came under fire after the initial petition did not include spousal support and a reimbursement of attorney's fees.[79] However, he claims this was not intentional and that he signed the initial documents without having properly read them.[79] He filed amended divorce papers remedying this.[79][186] Schwarzenegger and Shriver finalized their divorce in 2017, six years after separating.[187]
After the scandal, Danish-Italian actress Brigit Nilsen came forward and stated that she too had an affair with Schwarzenegger during the production of Qizil Sonja, while he had just started his relationship with Shriver,[188] saying, "Maybe I wouldn't have got into it if he said 'I'm going to marry Maria' and this is deadly serious, but he didn't, and our affair carried on."[188] When asked in January 2014, "Of all the things you are famous for ... which are you least proud of?" Schwarzenegger replied, "I'm least proud of the mistakes I made that caused my family pain and split us up."[189]
2015 yil iyul holatiga ko'ra[yangilash], Schwarzenegger was dating physical therapist Heather Milligan, 27 years his junior.[190]
Accidents, injuries and other health issues
Schwarzenegger was born with a ikki oyoqli aorta qopqog'i, an aortic valve with only two leaflets (a normal aortic valve has three leaflets).[191][192] He opted in 1997 for a replacement heart valve made of his own transplanted tissue (from his pulmonik qopqoq, which itself is replaced with a cadaveric pulmonic valve, in a Ross protsedurasi ); medical experts predicted he would require heart valve replacement surgery in the following two to eight years as his valve would progressively degrade. Schwarzenegger apparently opted against a mechanical valve, the only permanent solution available at the time of his surgery, because it would have sharply limited his physical activity and capacity to exercise.[193]
On March 29, 2018, Schwarzenegger underwent emergency open-heart surgery for replacement of his replacement pulmonic valve.[194] He said about his recovery: "I underwent open-heart surgery this spring, I had to use a walker. I had to do breathing exercises five times a day to retrain my lungs. I was frustrated and angry, and in my worst moments, I couldn't see the way back to my old self."[195]
On December 9, 2001, he broke six ribs and was hospitalized for four days after a motorcycle crash in Los Angeles.[196]
Schwarzenegger saved a drowning man's life in 2004 while on vacation in Hawaii by swimming out and bringing him back to shore.[197]
On January 8, 2006, while Schwarzenegger was riding his Xarli Devidson motorcycle in Los Angeles, with his son Patrick in the sidecar, another driver backed into the street he was riding on, causing him and his son to collide with the car at a low speed. While his son and the other driver were unharmed, Schwarzenegger sustained a minor injury to his lip, requiring 15 stitches. "No citations were issued," said Officer Jason Lee, a Los-Anjeles politsiya boshqarmasi vakili.[198] Schwarzenegger did not obtain his motorcycle license until July 3, 2006.[199]
Schwarzenegger tripped over his ski pole and broke his right suyak suyagi while skiing in Aydaho shtatidagi Sun vodiysi, with his family on December 23, 2006.[200] On December 26, he underwent a 90-minute operation in which cables and screws were used to wire the broken bone back together. U ozod qilindi St. John's Health Center 2006 yil 30 dekabrda.[201]
Schwarzenegger's private jet made an emergency landing at Van Nuys aeroporti on June 19, 2009, after the pilot reported smoke coming from the cockpit, according to a statement released by his press secretary. No one was harmed in the incident.[202]
On May 18, 2019, while on a visit to South Africa, Schwarzenegger was attacked, drop-kicked from behind by an unknown malefactor, while giving autographs to his fans at one of the local schools. Despite the surprise and unprovoked nature of the attack, he reportedly suffered no injuries and continued to interact with fans. The attacker was apprehended and Schwarzenegger declined to press charges against him.[203][204][205]
Balandligi
Schwarzenegger's official height of 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) has been brought into question by several articles. In his bodybuilding days in the late 1960s, he was measured to be 6 ft 1.5 in (1.867 m), a height confirmed by his fellow bodybuilders.[iqtibos kerak ] However, in 1988, both the Daily Mail va Taym-aut; turib qolish; tanaffus magazine mentioned that Schwarzenegger appeared noticeably shorter.[206] Prior to running for governor, Schwarzenegger's height was once again questioned in an article by the Chikago o'quvchisi.[207] As governor, Schwarzenegger engaged in a light-hearted exchange with Assemblyman Hess Wesson over their heights. At one point, Wesson made an unsuccessful attempt to, in his own words, "settle this once and for all and find out how tall he is" by using a tailor's tape measure on the Governor.[208] Schwarzenegger retaliated by placing a pillow stitched with the words "Need a lift?" on the five-foot-five-inch (1.65 m) Wesson's chair before a negotiating session in his office.[209] Bob Mulxolland also claimed Schwarzenegger was 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) and that he wore risers in his boots.[210] 1999 yilda, Erkaklar salomatligi magazine stated his height was 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m).[211]
Tarjimai hol
Schwarzenegger's autobiography, Jami eslab qolish, was released in October 2012. He devotes one chapter called "The Secret" to his extramarital affair. The majority of his book is about his successes in the three major chapters in his life: bodybuilder, actor, and Governor of California.[212]
Avtomobillar
Davomida o'sib Avstriyaning ittifoqchilar tomonidan bosib olinishi, Schwarzenegger commonly saw heavy military vehicles such as tanks as a child.[213] As a result, he paid $20,000 to bring his Austrian Army M47 Patton tank (331) to the United States,[214] which he previously operated during his mandatory service in 1965. However, he later obtained his vehicle in 1991/2,[215] during his tenure as the Chairmen of the President's Council on Sports, Fitness, and Nutrition,[216] and now uses it to support his charity.[215] His first car ever was an Opel Kadett in 1969 after serving in the Austrian army, then he rode a Harley-Devidson semiz bola 1991 yilda.[217]
Moreover, he came to develop an interest in large vehicles and became the first civilian in the U.S. to purchase a Xumvi. He was so enamored by the vehicle that he lobbied the Humvee's manufacturer, AM Umumiy, ishlab chiqarish uchun ko'cha-huquqiy, civilian version, which they did in 1992; the first two Hummer H1s they sold were also purchased by Schwarzenegger. In 2010, he had one regular and three running on non-fossil power sources; one for vodorod, biri uchun o'simlik yog'i, va bittasi biodizel.[218] Schwarzenegger was in the news in 2014 for buying a rare Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse. U 2015 yilda o'z mashinasida yorqin alyuminiy zarb qilingan g'ildiraklar bilan kumush rangga bo'yalgan va ko'rilgan. Uning Bugatti-ning ichki qismi to'q jigarrang charm bilan bezatilgan.[219] 2017 yilda Shvartsenegger a Mercedes G-Class uchun o'zgartirilgan to'liq elektr haydash.[220]
Shvartsenegger 1992 yilda sotib olgan Hummerlar juda katta - ularning har biri 6300 funt (2900 kg) va eni 7 fut (2,1 m) bo'lganligi sababli ular katta yuk mashinalari deb tasniflanadi va AQShning yonilg'i tejash qoidalari ularga taalluqli emas. Gubernatorlikni qaytarib olish kampaniyasi paytida u Hummerlaridan birini vodorod yoqishga o'tkazishini ma'lum qildi. Ma'lumotlarga ko'ra, konversiya qiymati taxminan 21000 dollarni tashkil qilgan. Saylovdan so'ng, u vodorodga yonilg'i quyish zavodlarini binosini tezda ishga tushirish to'g'risida buyruq imzoladi Kaliforniya vodorod magistrali Tarmoq va a AQSh Energetika vazirligi uning 91 000 000 AQSh dollar miqdoridagi xarajatlarini to'lashga yordam berish uchun grant.[221] Kaliforniya 2004 yil oktyabr oyida birinchi H2H (Vodorod Hummer) etkazib berishni boshladi.[222]
Ommaviy imidj
Shvartsenegger bilan aloqador bo'lgan Maxsus Olimpiada ularning sobiq qaynonasi tomonidan tashkil etilganidan keyin ko'p yillar davomida, Yunis Kennedi Shrayver.[223] 2007 yilda Shvartsenegger Xitoyning Shanxay shahrida bo'lib o'tgan Maxsus Olimpiadaning rasmiy vakili edi.[224] Shvartsenegger, odatda maktabga kira olmaydigan bolalar uchun sifatli maktab imkoniyatlaridan foydalanish kerak, deb hisoblaydi.[225] 1995 yilda u yoshlarga madaniy, ma'rifiy va jamoatchilikni boyitish dasturlarini taqdim etuvchi Inner City Games Foundation (ICG) ni tashkil etdi. ICG mamlakatning 15 shahrida faol ishlaydi va mamlakat bo'ylab 400 dan ortiq maktablarda 250 mingdan ziyod bolalarga xizmat ko'rsatadi.[225] Shuningdek, u "Maktabdan keyingi yulduzlar" bilan aloqada bo'lgan va 2002 yilda Los-Anjelesdagi filialni tashkil etgan.[226] ASAS - maktabdan keyingi dasturlarni etkazib beruvchi, yoshlarga salomatlik, fitnes va ovqatlanish haqida ma'lumot beradi.
2010 yil 12 fevralda Shvartsenegger Vankuver Olimpiya mash'alasi estafetasi. U olovni keyingi yuguruvchiga berdi, Sebastian Koe.[227]
Shvartseneggerda marksistik büstlar to'plami mavjud bo'lib, uni rus do'stlaridan so'ragan Sovet Ittifoqining tarqatib yuborilishi, ular yo'q qilinayotganda. 2011 yilda u rafiqasi ularni olib tashlashni iltimos qilganini aytdi, ammo u birini saqlab qoldi Vladimir Lenin hozirgi, chunki "u birinchi" edi.[228] 2015 yilda u "ziyon ko'rguvchilarni ko'rsatish" uchun Lenin byustini saqlaganini aytdi.[229]
Shvartsenegger Isroil tarafdori va Los-Anjelesdagi Isroil tarafdorlari mitingida qatnashgan[230] shunga o'xshash boshqa tadbirlar qatorida.[231] 2004 yilda Shvartsenegger zaminni buzish uchun Isroilga tashrif buyurdi Simon Wiesenthal markazi "s Tolerantlik muzeyi Quddus va gulchambar qo'yish uchun Yad Vashem Holokost yodgorligi, shuningdek, Bosh vazir bilan uchrashdi Ariel Sharon va Prezident Moshe Katsav.[232][233] 2011 yilda, da Mustaqillik kuni Los-Anjelesdagi Isroil Bosh konsulligi tomonidan uyushtirilgan bayramda Shvartsenegger shunday dedi: "Men Isroilni yaxshi ko'raman. Men hokim bo'lganimda, Isroil men birinchi bo'lib tashrif buyurgan mamlakat edi. Kaliforniya pensiya jamg'armalarini o'z pullarini ajratishga chaqiruvchi qonun loyihasini imzolash imkoniyati bo'lganida. bilan ish olib boradigan kompaniyalardan Eron, Men darhol o'sha qonun loyihasini imzoladim ", so'ngra u qo'shib qo'ydi:" Biz yomon ko'radigan va Isroilga tahdid qiladigan aqldan ozgan diktatorlarga pul jo'natolmasligimizni bilardim. "[231]
Shvartsenegger 2003 yil Iroqqa bostirib kirish.[234] Shvartsenegger ham buni qo'llab-quvvatlashini bildirdi 2011 yil Liviyadagi harbiy aralashuv.[235] Shvartsenegger norozilik namoyishlarini qo'llab-quvvatlovchi videomurojaat tarqatdi Ukraina rossiyaparast prezident Viktor Yanukovich.[236]
Bolaligida futbol o'ynagan Shvarsenegger katta bo'lib tomosha qilgan "Bavariya" va Sturm Graz.[237] Shuningdek, u o'zining hayratini bildirdi Yurgen Klopp "s "Liverpul" 2019 yil oktyabrda.[237]
Shvartsenegger davlat va global siyosat instituti
2012 yilda Shvartsenegger Shvartsenegger davlat va global siyosat institutini tashkil etishga yordam berdi. USC Sol Price Public Policy School (Davlat siyosati maktabi) da Janubiy Kaliforniya universiteti.[238] Institutning vazifasi "partiyalardan keyingi partiyalarni [oldinga siljitish], bu erda rahbarlar odamlarni siyosiy partiyalar ustidan o'tkazib, o'zlari xizmat qilayotgan odamlarga foyda keltirish uchun eng yaxshi g'oyalar va echimlarni topish uchun birgalikda harakat qilishadi" va "topishda davlat siyosati va jamoatchilik muhokamalariga ta'sir o'tkazishga intilish". biz duch keladigan jiddiy muammolarning echimlari ".[239] Shvartsenegger institut raisi sifatida ishlaydi.[240]
Global isish
2015 yilgi xavfsizlik bo'yicha konferentsiyada Shvartsenegger qo'ng'iroq qildi Iqlim o'zgarishi bizning zamonamiz masalasi.[241] Shuningdek, u siyosatchilarni iqlim o'zgarishiga siyosiy masala sifatida qarashni to'xtatishga chaqirdi.[242]
2016 yilgi prezident saylovi
Uchun 2016 yil Respublikachilar partiyasi prezidentlik saylovlari, Shvartsenegger boshqa respublikachilarni ma'qulladi Jon Kasich.[243] Biroq, u oktyabr oyida Respublikachilar partiyasidan prezidentlikka nomzodga ovoz bermasligini e'lon qildi Donald Tramp yilda o'sha yilgi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlaridagi prezident saylovlari, bu 1983 yilda fuqarolikka ega bo'lganidan beri birinchi marta respublikachi nomzodga ovoz bermadi.[244][245][246]
2016 yildan keyin
So'nggi yillarda Shvartsenegger kam go'sht iste'mol qilishni targ'ib qilmoqda,[247] va u bilan birga ijrochi prodyuser Jeyms Kemeron va boshq. hujjatli film orqasida O'yinni o'zgartiruvchilar,[248] portlovchi ko'tarilishini hujjatlashtirgan o'simlik asosida u ham namoyish etilgan professional sportda ovqatlanish.
2017 yilda Shvartsenegger qoraladi oq supremacistlar Natsistlar va Konfederatsiya bayroqlarini ko'tarib, qahramonlarini "yutqazganlar" deb atashgan.[249]
2019 yilda, "Arnold Classic Africa" sport musobaqasida rasmiy sifatida qatnashganda, Shvartseneggerga uchuvchi zarbada hujumchi hujum qildi. Hujum qilgan shaxs hibsga olingan.[250]
Mukofotlar va sharaflar
- Etti marta Janob Olimpiya g'olib
- To'rt marta Janob koinot g'olib
- 1969 yilda havaskor bodibilding bo'yicha jahon chempioni
- 1977 Oltin globus mukofoti g'olib
- Avstriyalikning insonparvarlik xizmatlari uchun medali Albert Shvaytser Jamiyat (2011)[251]
- Yulduz Gollivudning Shon-sharaf xiyoboni
- Xalqaro sport shon-sharaf zali (2012 yil)[252]
- Jonas Hech qachon mualliflik qilgan "Arnold Shvartsenegger" (2012) jamoat badiiy devoriy portreti, Venetsiya, Los-Anjeles[253]
- WWE Shon-sharaf zali (2015 yilgi sinf )[254][255]
- Shvartsenegger davlat va global siyosat instituti (qismi USC Sol Price Public Policy School (Davlat siyosati maktabi) da Janubiy Kaliforniya universiteti ) uning sharafiga nomlangan.[240]
- Arnoldning yugurishi chang'i yo'li Quyosh vodiysi Uning sharafiga berilgan dam olish maskani.[256] Yo'l a deb tasniflanadi qora olmos, yoki uning relyefi uchun eng qiyin.
- "Arnold uchun kun" 2007 yil 30-iyul, yilda Tal, Avstriya. 60 yilligi munosabati bilan shahar meri Shvartsenegger tug'ilgan uyning emallangan manzil belgisini (Thal 145) yuborib, "Bu unga tegishli. Bu erda hech kimga bu raqam boshqa berilmaydi" deb e'lon qildi.[255][257]
- Inkpot mukofoti[258]
Davlat buyurtmalari va bezaklari
- Avstriya Respublikasiga xizmatlari uchun katta sharaflar Oltinda (1993)[259]
- Frantsuzlarning Cavalier (2011) va qo'mondoni (2017) Faxriy legion[260][261]
- Faxriy halqa Shtiriya federal shtati (Avstriya, 2017 yil iyun)[262]
Kitoblar
- Shvartsenegger, Arnold (1977). Arnold: Janob koinot jismoniy rivojlanishini rivojlantirish. Shvartsenegger. OCLC 6457784.
- Shvartsenegger, Arnold; Duglas Kent Hall (1977). Arnold: Bodibilder tarbiyasi. Nyu-York: Simon va Shuster. ISBN 978-0-671-22879-8.
- Shvartsenegger, Arnold; Duglas Kent Hall (1979). Arnoldning ayollarga tana tuzilishi. Nyu-York: Simon va Shuster. ISBN 978-0-671-24301-2.
- Shvartsenegger, Arnold; Bill Dobbins (1981). Arnoldning erkaklar uchun bodibilding. Nyu-York: Simon va Shuster. ISBN 978-0-671-25613-5.
- Shvartsenegger, Arnold; Bill Dobbins (1998). Zamonaviy bodibildingning yangi ensiklopediyasi (Vah. Tahr.). Nyu-York: Simon va Shuster. ISBN 978-0-684-84374-2.
- Shvartsenegger, Arnold (2012). Jami eslab qolish. Nyu-York: Simon va Shuster. ISBN 978-1-84983-971-6.
Shuningdek qarang
- Kennedi oilasi # Genealogy
- Qo'shma Shtatlar tashqarisida tug'ilgan AQSh shtatlari gubernatorlarining ro'yxati
Tushuntirish yozuvlari
- ^ Odatda talaffuz qilinadi /ˈʃw.rtsnɛɡar/ ingliz tilida so'zlashadigan dunyoda.
Iqtiboslar
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| arxiv-url =noto'g'ri shakllangan: bayroq (Yordam bering) - ^ a b v d e f Katz, Efrayim (2006). Film entsiklopediyasi. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-074214-0.
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- ^ Artur mehmonxonasining tarixi - Artur mehmonxonasi
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- ^ KUVAT: Schwarzenegger pullisteli lihaksiaan 70-luvulla Helsingissä (fin tilida)
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Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, ikki millatga ega bo'lgan janob Shvartsenegger ...
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- ^ Santa Kruz, Nikol (2009 yil 19-iyun). "Gubernator samolyoti Van Nuysga favqulodda qo'ndi". Los Anjeles Tayms. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2009 yil 23 iyunda. Olingan 20 iyun, 2009.
- ^ "Shvartsenegger" Janubiy Afrikadagi hujum uchun ayblovlarni ilgari surmaydi. BBC. 2019 yil 19-may. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 19 mayda. Olingan 19 may, 2019.
- ^ Donovan-Smit, Orion (2019 yil 19-may). "Arnold Shvartsenegger" yaramas muxlisning orqasidan uchib zarba berganidan xafa bo'lmagan'". Washington Post. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 18 mayda. Olingan 19 may, 2019.
- ^ Sager, Jessika (2019 yil 19-may). "Arnold Shvartsenegger hujumchiga qarshi ayblovlarni ilgari surmaydi". Fox News. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 20 mayda. Olingan 20 may, 2019.
- ^ Andrews, N: "Haqiqiy afsonalar: Arnold Shvartsenegger hayoti va davri", 157-bet. Bloomsbury, 2003
- ^ Miner, Maykl (2003 yil 23 sentyabr). "Yomon eslash". Chikago o'quvchisi. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2008 yil 23 aprelda. Olingan 18 aprel, 2008.
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- ^ Vayntraub, Doniyor. "Shvartsenegger miltilladi" (PDF). Davlat qonun chiqaruvchilarining milliy konferentsiyasi. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi (PDF) 2007 yil 4-iyunda. Olingan 18 aprel, 2008.
- ^ "Gubernator II: Avvaliga bu yomon hazil bo'lib tuyuldi". Arnoldwatch.org. 2004 yil 7 oktyabr. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2017 yil 25 mayda. Olingan 8 mart, 2010.
- ^ Mathews, Jay (3 avgust, 1999). "Torayib borayotgan maydon". Washington Post. Arxivlandi 2012 yil 3-noyabrdagi asl nusxadan. Olingan 23 iyul, 2012.
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- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger o'zining eski tankini AQShga jo'natish uchun 20 ming dollar to'lagan va endi uni bolalarga yordam berish uchun ishlatmoqda". cnbc.com. 2018 yil 26-iyul. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 21 avgustda. Olingan 19 oktyabr, 2019.
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- ^ "Hummer va Shvartsenegger: Ehtimol, ular qaytib kelmaydi". 2010 yil 28 fevral. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2015 yil 2-noyabrda. Olingan 4 oktyabr, 2015.
- ^ "Terminator acelera no seu Bugatti Veyron". Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2015 yil 12 avgustda. Olingan 11 avgust, 2015.
- ^ Lambert, Fred (2017 yil 23-yanvar). "Endi Arnold Shvartsenegger Kreisel Electric tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan Mercedes G-Class yangi odatiy elektr energiyasini boshqaradi". Electrek. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2017 yil 1 fevralda. Olingan 23 yanvar, 2017.
- ^ "Vodorod magistralini asfalt qilgani uchun Kaliforniya shtatidagi Arnoldga rahmat". BMW World. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2008 yil 16 martda. Olingan 18 aprel, 2008.
- ^ Vikell, Deyl. "HUMMER H2H vodorod bilan ishlaydigan eksperimental transport vositasi". About.com. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2011 yil 25 mayda. Olingan 18 aprel, 2008.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger xayriya: maxsus olimpiada, maktabdan keyingi yulduzlar". Forbes. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2011 yil 28 avgustda. Olingan 22 mart, 2012.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger xayriya ishlari, tadbirlari va sabablari". Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2012 yil 13 yanvarda. Olingan 22 mart, 2012.
- ^ a b "Boshliqlar kengashi". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2012 yil 15 martda. Olingan 22 mart, 2012.
- ^ "Maktabdan keyingi yulduzlar, Los-Anjeles". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2012 yil 5 martda. Olingan 22 mart, 2012.
- ^ "Vankuver qanday qilib 2010 yilgi Olimpiadani yutqazdi - Vankuver 2010 Olimpiadasi". Toronto Star. Toronto. 2010 yil 12 fevral. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2010 yil 15 fevralda. Olingan 8 mart, 2010.
- ^ "Shvartsenegger Sovet haykali kollektsiyasidan voz kechdi" Arxivlandi 2017 yil 11 fevral, soat Orqaga qaytish mashinasi, WENN. NewsHub. 2011 yil 4 mart. 2017 yil 8 fevralda olingan
- ^ "O'ldirilmaydigan Arnold Shvartsenegger" Arxivlandi 2017 yil 19-avgust, soat Orqaga qaytish mashinasi, Yunus Vayner. Rolling Stone. 2015 yil 7-may. 2017 yil 8-fevralda qabul qilingan
- ^ "Gubernator Arnold Shvartsenegger L.A.ning Isroil tarafdorlari mitingida". Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2014 yil 16 fevralda. Olingan 28 dekabr, 2013.
- ^ a b Benhorin, Ijak. "Shvartsenegger: Men Isroilni yaxshi ko'raman". Ynet. Arxivlandi 2013 yil 3 dekabrdagi asl nusxadan. Olingan 28 dekabr, 2013.
- ^ "Gubernator Arni Isroilga boradi". The New York Post. 2004 yil 29 aprel.
- ^ "Shvartsenegger, Isroilda, Holokost qurbonlariga hurmat bajo keltirmoqda". Haaretz. 2004 yil 30 aprel.
- ^ "Shvartsenegger Kaliforniyadagi Iroq urushi bo'yicha ovoz berishni rad etdi". Reuters. 2007 yil 12 sentyabr. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2018 yil 17 iyulda. Olingan 17 iyul, 2018.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger Liviyada Devid Kemeronni himoya qilish uchun miting o'tkazmoqda". The Guardian. 2011 yil 30 mart. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2018 yil 17 iyulda. Olingan 17 iyul, 2018.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger ukrainalik protestantlarni qo'llab-quvvatlovchi xabar tarqatdi (VIDEO)". Hollywood Reporter. 2014 yil 27-yanvar. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 26 avgustda. Olingan 26 avgust, 2019.
- ^ a b "Premer-liganing bashoratlari: Lawro v 'Terminator: Dark Fate' yulduzi Arnold Shvartsenegger". BBC Sport. 2019 yil 26 oktyabr. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 27 oktyabrda. Olingan 26 oktyabr, 2019.
- ^ "USC Shvartsenegger davlat va global siyosat instituti | Siyosat va muammolar - Arnold Shvartsenegger". Schwarzenegger.com. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2015 yil 22 yanvarda. Olingan 22 yanvar, 2015.
- ^ "Institut haqida | USC Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy". Schwarzenegger.usc.edu. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2015 yil 22 yanvarda. Olingan 22 yanvar, 2015.
- ^ a b "Etakchilik | USC Shvartsenegger davlat va global siyosat instituti". Schwarzenegger.usc.edu. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2015 yil 22 yanvarda. Olingan 22 yanvar, 2015.
- ^ "Shvartsenegger: Iqlim o'zgarishi - bu bizning davrimizning dolzarb masalasidir'". MSNBC. 2015 yil. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2016 yil 3 fevralda. Olingan 8 fevral, 2016.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger: respublikachilar iqlim o'zgarishiga siyosiy masala kabi munosabatni to'xtatishlari kerak". Business Insider. 2015 yil 9-dekabr. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 26 oktyabrda. Olingan 26 oktyabr, 2019.
- ^ "Shvartsenegger Kasichni" Terminator "deb ataydi'". Nyu-Xempshir shtati ittifoqi rahbari. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2016 yil 15 fevralda.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger Donald Tramp uchun ovoz bermaydi". PEOPLE.com. 2016 yil 8 oktyabr. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2016 yil 9 oktyabrda. Olingan 9 oktyabr, 2016.
- ^ "'Men unga musht tushirmoqchiman ": De Niro Trampga shafqatsiz hujum boshladi". ABC News. 2016 yil 9 oktyabr. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2016 yil 9 oktyabrda. Olingan 9 oktyabr, 2016.
- ^ "Shvartsenegger, Makkeyn, Trampni ko'proq qo'llab-quvvatlash". Biz har hafta. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2016 yil 9 oktyabrda. Olingan 9 oktyabr, 2016.
- ^ Shvartsenegger, Arnold (2017 yil 18-iyul). Arnold Shvartsenegger Veganga borish to'g'risida. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 2 iyulda. Olingan 10-iyul, 2019.
- ^ "O'yin o'zgaruvchilari". Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 4 oktyabrda. Olingan 10-iyul, 2019.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger oq supremacistlarga:" Sizning qahramonlaringiz yutqazmoqda'". Business Insider. 2017 yil 18-avgust. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 26 oktyabrda. Olingan 26 oktyabr, 2019.
- ^ "Hujum uchun ayblovlar yo'q, deydi Shvarsenegger". 2019 yil 19-may. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 18 mayda. Olingan 29 may, 2019.
- ^ "ReportCanada-AQSh". www.oeasg.org. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2018 yil 16 sentyabrda. Olingan 29 iyul, 2019.
- ^ "Xalqaro sport shon-sharaf zali". Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2017 yil 28 fevralda. Olingan 13 mart, 2017.
- ^ Salim, Ziyo (2019). "Ijodkorlik konturlari: Kaliforniyadagi Venetsiyadagi jamoat san'ati, madaniy landshaftlar va shahar maydoni" (PDF). Kaliforniya geografi / Kaliforniya geografik jamiyati. 58. Olingan 22 sentyabr, 2020.
- ^ WWE Shon-sharaf zali 2015, har bir ishtirokchi!, olingan 27 yanvar, 2020
- ^ a b "Shvartseneggerning WWE HOF biosi". WWE. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2015 yil 11 fevralda. Olingan 28 yanvar, 2015.
- ^ "Va ... mana Arnoldning yugurishi". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2012 yil 5 sentyabrda. Olingan 13 iyul, 2008.
- ^ "Strudel, Schnitzel dush Shvartsenegger 60 yoshida". USA Today. Associated Press. 2007 yil 30-iyul. Arxivlandi 2011 yil 5 iyuldagi asl nusxasidan. Olingan 18 aprel, 2008.
- ^ Inkpot mukofoti
- ^ "Österreichische Nationalbibliothek - Goldenes Ehrenzeichen für Arnold Schwarzenegger". www.bildarchivaustria.at. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2017 yil 27 sentyabrda. Olingan 29 iyul, 2019.
- ^ "Bizning turdagi erkaklar uchun yomon hafta". Salon. 2011 yil 19-may. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 2-noyabrda. Olingan 18 sentyabr, 2019.
- ^ "Arnold Shvartsenegger atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish ishlari uchun Frantsiyaning eng yuqori mukofotiga sazovor bo'ldi". PEOPLE.com. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2018 yil 31 martda. Olingan 18 sentyabr, 2019.
- ^ Vutti, Kerstin (2017 yil 22-iyun). "Arnold Shvartsenegger Erhringt Ehrenring des Landes Steiermark" (nemis tilida). meinbezirk.at. Arxivlandi asl nusxasidan 2019 yil 29 iyuldagi. Olingan 29 iyul, 2019.
Qo'shimcha o'qish
- Endryus, Nayjel (2003). Haqiqiy afsonalar: Arnold Shvartseneggerning hayoti va davri: Temir nasosdan Kaliforniya gubernatorigacha (rev. ed.). Nyu-York: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-58234-465-2.
- Beyker, Todd (direktor) (1999 yil 11-noyabr). Arnold Shvartsenegger: Gollivud qahramoni (Televizion mahsulot (maxsus)).
- Blits, Maykl; Luiza Krasnievich (2004). Arnold nima uchun muhim: Madaniy belgining ko'tarilishi. Nyu-York: asosiy kitoblar. ISBN 978-0-465-03752-0.
- Borovits, Endi (2004). Gubernator Arnold: uning ishdagi birinchi 100 kunlik fotosurati. Nyu-York: Simon va Shuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-6266-8.
- Brendon, Karen (2004). Arnold Shvartsenegger. San-Diego: Lucent Kitoblar. ISBN 978-1-59018-539-1.
- Saunders, Deyv (2008). "Arni": Shvartsenegger va filmlar. London: I. B. Tauris.
- Sexton, Colleen A. (2005). Arnold Shvartsenegger. Minneapolis: Lerner nashrlari. ISBN 978-0-8225-1634-7.
- Zannos, Syuzan (2000). Arnold Shvartsenegger. Childs, Med.: Mitchell Leyn. ISBN 978-1-883845-95-7.
Tashqi havolalar
- Rasmiy veb-sayt
- Arnold Shvartsenegger da Britannica entsiklopediyasi
- Arnold Shvartsenegger muzeyi
- Arnold Shvartsenegger da Curlie
- Arnold Shvartsenegger kuni WWE.com
- Tashqi ko'rinish kuni C-SPAN
- Arnold Shvartsenegger kuni IMDb
- Arnold Shvartsenegger da TCM filmlar uchun ma'lumotlar bazasi
- Shvartsenegger janob koinotda raqobatlashmoqda (1969) dan Britaniya yo'li da YouTube
| Partiyaning siyosiy idoralari | ||
|---|---|---|
| Oldingi Bill Simon | Respublika nomzod Kaliforniya gubernatori 2003, 2006 | Muvaffaqiyatli Meg Uitman |
| Siyosiy idoralar | ||
| Oldingi Kulrang Devis | Kaliforniya gubernatori 2003–2011 | Muvaffaqiyatli Jerri Braun |
| Hayot | |
|---|---|
| Siyosiy martaba | |
| Oila |
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| Bog'liq | |
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| Meksika ostida (1822–1846) | ||
| AQSh harbiylari ostida (1846–1850) |
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| Davlatdan oldingi davr (1849–1850) | ||
| AQSh shtati (1850 yildan beri) | ||
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| II. |
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| III. |
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| V. | |||||||||||||
| Bog'liq | |||||||||||||
| Turkum | Kennedi oilasi | ||||||||||||
m. = uylangan; div = ajrashgan; sep. = ajratilgan. | |||||||||||||
