Uayti Bulger - Whitey Bulger - Wikipedia

Jeyms "Uayti" Bulger
Bulgerning 2011 yildagi mughotasi
Federal qidiruv byurosi eng ko'p qidirilgan o'n nafar qochoq
To'lovlar	Reket (RICO): Qotillik (19 ta hisob) Fitna qotillik qilmoq Tovlamachilik Tovlamachilik uchun fitna uyushtirish Narkotik moddalar tarqatish Qasd qilish uchun fitna pul yuvish
Tavsif
Tug'ilgan	Jeyms Jozef Bulger kichik. (1929-09-03)1929 yil 3-sentyabr Boston, Massachusets shtati, BIZ.
O'ldi	2018 yil 30 oktyabr(2018-10-30) (89 yosh) USP Hazelton, Preston okrugi, G'arbiy Virjiniya, BIZ.
O'lim sababi	To'liq kuchsiz shikastlanish
Balandligi	170 sm uzunlikdagi 5 fut 7 dyuym
Og'irligi	165 funt (75 kg)
Birodarlar	Uilyam Maykl "Billi" Bulger John P. "Jackie" Bulger
Bolalar	1 (vafot etgan)
Holat
Penalti	Besh yillik umr, 25,2 million dollar miqdoridagi musodara, 19,8 million dollarlik qoplash
Qo'shildi	1999 yil 19-avgust
Qo'lga tushdi	2011 yil 22 iyun[1]
Raqam	458
Qo'lga tushdi

Jeyms Jozef "Uiti" Bulger Jr. (/ˈbʌldʒar/; 1929 yil 3 sentyabr - 2018 yil 30 oktyabr) an Irland-amerikalik uyushgan jinoyatchilik boshliq va Federal qidiruv byurosi xabar beruvchi kim rahbarlik qilgan Qishki tepalik to'dasi ichida Qishki tepalik mahalla Somervil, Massachusets shtati, to'g'ridan-to'g'ri shimoli-g'arbiy shahar Boston.^[2][3] 1994 yil 23-dekabrda Bulger Boston hududidan qochib, sobiq FBI boshqaruvchisidan keyin yashiringan, Jon Konnoli, uni kutish haqida gapirdi RICO ayblov xulosasi unga qarshi. Bulger o'n olti yil ozodlikda qoldi. 2011 yilda hibsga olingandan so'ng, federal prokuratura Bulgerni o'n to'qqizta qotillik uchun sud qildi katta hakamlar hay'ati dan ko'rsatma Kevin haftalari va boshqa sobiq jinoiy sheriklar.

Bulger tomonidan qat'iyan rad etilgan bo'lsa-da, Federal Qidiruv Byurosi 1975 yildan boshlab bir necha yil davomida informator bo'lib xizmat qilganini tan oldi.^[4] Bulger ning ichki ishlashi haqida ma'lumot berdi Patriarca jinoyatchilar oilasi, uning Italiya-Amerika mafiyasi ichida joylashgan raqiblar Rod-Aylend. Buning evaziga Connolly, Bulgerning FBI mulozimi sifatida, Winter Hill Gangning e'tiborga olinmasligini ta'minladi.^[5][6][7] 1997 yildan boshlab yangiliklar ommaviy axborot vositalari federal, shtat va mahalliy huquqni muhofaza qilish idoralaridan Bulgerga bog'langan amaldorlarning turli xil jinoyatlarini fosh etdilar. Bu ushbu agentliklarning har biriga katta noqulaylik tug'dirdi, ammo FBIdan boshqa hech narsa yo'q.^{[8][9][10][11]}

Bulger Federal Qidiruv Byurosiga qo'shildi Qidirilayotgan o'n nafar qochqin 1999 yilda ro'yxatga olingan va ro'yxatda eng ko'p qidirilgan shaxs deb topilgan Usama bin Laden.^[12] Nihoyat u uzoq vaqtdan beri sevgilisi Ketrin Greig bilan birga turar-joy majmuasi tashqarisida qo'lga olindi Santa Monika, Kaliforniya, 2011 yil 22-iyun kuni. U 81 yoshda edi.^{[1][13][14][15]} Keyinchalik Bulger va Greig darhol edi ekstraditsiya qilingan Bostonga va qattiq qo'riq ostida olib borildi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari sud binosi, ularning kelishi uchun qisman yopilishi kerak edi. 2012 yil iyun oyida Greig aybiga iqror bo'ldi fitna qochoqni yashirish, shaxsga oid firibgarlik va sakkiz yilga ozodlikdan mahrum qilish jazosini oladigan shaxsni firibgarlikka qasd qilish. Bulger izlashdan bosh tortdi garov puli va hibsda qoldi.

Bulger ustidan sud jarayoni 2013 yil 12 iyunda boshlangan. U 32 ta ish bo'yicha sud qilingan reketchilik, pul yuvish, tovlamachilik va qurol ayblovlari, shu jumladan o'n to'qqizta qotillikka sheriklik.^[16] 12 avgustda Bulger ikkala reket ayblovini ham o'z ichiga olgan 31 moddada aybdor deb topildi va o'n bitta qotillikda ishtirok etganligi aniqlandi.^[17] 14-noyabr kuni u ketma-ket ikkitasini oldi umrbod hukm AQSh okrug sudi sudyasi tomonidan sodir etilgan jinoyatlar uchun besh yil Denis J.Kasper.^[18] Bulger qamoqda edi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Penitentsiari Koulman II yilda Sumtervill, Florida.^[19]

Bulger 2018 yil oktyabr oyida bir nechta ob'ektlarga o'tkazildi; birinchi navbatda Federal transfer markazi yilda Oklaxoma va keyin Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Penitentsiari, Hazelton, yaqin Bruceton Mills, G'arbiy Virjiniya.^[20] Nogironlar kolyaskasida bo'lgan Bulger, Hazeltonga kelganidan bir necha soat o'tib, 2018 yil 30 oktyabrda mahbuslar tomonidan o'ldirilgan.^[21][22][23]

Hayotning boshlang'ich davri

Jeyms Bulgerning otasi Jeyms Jozef Bulger Sr Makon inoyati, Nyufaundlend, Kanada. Uyga joylashgandan keyin Everett, Massachusets shtati, Jeyms kichik Jeyn Veronika "Jan" Makkartiga, birinchi avlodga uylandi Irland muhojir.^[24][25][26] Ularning birinchi farzandi Jeyms Jozef Bulger, kichik, 1929 yilda tug'ilgan.

Bulgerning otasi kasaba uyushmalarida ishlagan va vaqti-vaqti bilan ishlagan longshoreman; u sanoatdagi baxtsiz hodisada qo'lini yo'qotdi^[27]:48 va oila qashshoqlikka aylandi.^[27]:49 1938 yil may oyida Meri Ellen Makkormakning uy-joy loyihasi mahallasida ochilgan Janubiy Boston.^[28] Bulgerlar oilasi ko'chib keldi va bolalar u erda katta bo'lishdi. Boshqa Bulger bolalari, Uilyam Maykl va Jon P. Bulger maktabda a'lo darajada o'qigan; Kichik Jeyms Bulger ko'cha hayotiga qiziqib qoldi.

Jinoiy karerasining boshida mahalliy politsiya Bulgerga sariq sochlari uchun "Uiti" taxallusini bergan. Bulger bu nomdan nafratlandi; u "Jim", "Jimmi" yoki hatto "Botinkalar" deb nomlanishni afzal ko'rdi. Oxirgi taxallus uning yashirish uchun ishlatadigan kovboy botinkalarini kiyish odatidan kelib chiqqan o'tish paneli. Biroq, "Whitey" laqabi yopishib qoldi.

Dastlabki jinoiy martaba

Bulger Janubiy Bostonga qattiq sodiq bo'lgan o'g'ri va ko'cha jangchisi sifatida obro'sini oshirdi. Bu uning tajribali jinoyatchilar bilan uchrashishiga va ko'proq foydali imkoniyatlarni topishiga olib keldi. 1943 yilda 14 yoshli Bulger hibsga olingan va ayblangan o'g'irlik.^[29] Shu paytgacha u a ko'cha to'dasi "Shamrocks" nomi bilan tanilgan va oxir-oqibat hibsga olinishi kerak edi tajovuz, qalbakilashtirish va qurolli talonchilik. Bulger a voyaga etmaganlarni isloh qilish ushbu jinoyatlar uchun.^[30]

1948 yil aprelida ozod qilinganidan ko'p o'tmay, Bulger qo'shildi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari havo kuchlari, lekin u islohot qilmagan.^[27] U vaqt o'tkazdi harbiy qamoqxona bir nechta hujum uchun va keyinchalik 1950 yilda Havo kuchlari politsiyasi tomonidan hibsga olingan ta'tilsiz yo'q. Shunga qaramay, u qabul qildi sharafli zaryad 1952 yilda va Massachusetsga qaytib keldi.^[27]

Qamoq

Bulgerning Alkatrazdagi muftasi (1959; 30 yosh).

1956 yilda Bulger birinchi muddatini o'tkazdi federal qamoqxona da Atlantadagi jazoni ijro etish muassasasi qurolli talonchilik uchun va yuk mashinalarini olib qochish. Keyinchalik u mobsterga aytdi Kevin haftalari^[31] u erda bo'lganida, u ishtirok etgan MK-ULTRA maqsadi tadqiqot qilish bo'lgan dastur ongni boshqarish uchun dorilar Markaziy razvedka boshqarmasi. O'n sakkiz oy davomida, Bulger va boshqa o'n sakkiz nafar mahbus, ularning barchasi jazoning qisqartirilishi evaziga ixtiyoriy ravishda qatnashdilar. LSD va boshqa dorilar.^[31]

Keyinchalik Bulger ularni "aldov yo'li bilan yollanganlaridan" shikoyat qildi va ularga davo topishda yordam berishayotganini aytishdi. shizofreniya."^[31][32] U o'z tajribasini "dahshatli tush" deb ta'riflagan va bu uni "aqldan ozish qa'riga olib borgan".^[33] Bulger yozgan daftarlarda qo'shimcha LSD dozasini iste'mol qilish haqida o'ylagan dahshati tasvirlangan.^[34] U shunday deb yozgan eshitilgan ovozlar va agar u buni kimgadir tan olsa, u shunday bo'lishidan qo'rqardi "sodir etilgan hayot uchun".^[35]

1959 yilda Bulger qisqa vaqt ichida maksimal xavfsizlikka o'tkazildi Alkatraz federal jazoni ijro etish muassasasi yilda Kaliforniya. Keyinchalik uning hukmida u ko'chirildi Leavenworth federal jazoni ijro etish muassasasi va 1963 yilda to Lyuisburg federal jazoni ijro etish muassasasi. Bulgerning uchinchi iltimosnomasi shartli ravishda ozod qilish, 1965 yilda, u to'qqiz yil qamoqda o'tirgandan keyin berildi. U 46 yil davomida yana hibsga olinmaydi.^[36]

Killin-Mullen urushi

Ozod bo'lganidan keyin Bulger a bo'lishidan oldin farrosh va qurilish ishchilari sifatida ishlagan bukmeker va kredit akula ostida mobster Donald Kill "Killins" to'dasi yigirma yildan ortiq vaqt davomida Janubiy Bostonda hukmronlik qilgan. Killinlarni uch aka-uka - Donni, Kenni va Eddi - Billi O'Sullivan va Jek Kurranlar boshqargan. Ularning bazasi Janubiy Bostondagi "Tranzit" kafesi bo'lib, keyinchalik Uitining "Triple O" -lariga aylandi. 1971 yilda Killinning ukasi Kenni raqib a'zosi Maykl "Mikki" Dvayerni otib o'ldirgan. Myullen Gang, "Transit" kafesida janjal paytida. A to'da urushi Natijada, Boston va uning atrofidagi shahar bo'ylab qotilliklar sodir bo'ldi. Killerlar tezda o'zlarini qurollangan va yoshroq Myulenlar boshqarib ketishgan deb topishdi. Aynan urush paytida Bulger Haftalar Mullen a'zosini birinchi qotilligi deb ta'riflagan narsani qilishni rejalashtirgan Pol Makgonagl. Biroq, Bulger uning o'rniga McGonaglening qonunga bo'ysunuvchi akasi Donaldni shaxsini noto'g'ri aniqlashda qatl etdi.

Garchi [Makgonagl] hech qachon hech narsa qilmagan bo'lsa ham, u hamma narsani og'zi bilan aralashtirib turaverdi. Shunday qilib Jimmi uni o'ldirishga qaror qildi. ... Jimmi uni to'g'ri ko'zlari orasidan otib tashladi. Faqat ... bu Puli emas edi. Bu Donald edi. ... Jimmi mashinada to'g'ridan-to'g'ri ustoziga bordi Billi O'Sallivan Savin Xill avenyusidagi uy va O'Sullivanga aytdi ... "Men noto'g'ri uyni otib tashladim. Men Donaldni otib tashladim. Billi ... dedi: 'Bu haqda tashvishlanmang. U baribir sog'lom emas edi. U chekdi. U o'pka saratoniga chalingan bo'lar edi.

Mullenning sobiq xo'jayinining so'zlariga ko'ra Patrik "Pat" Ni, McGonagle pistirmaga tushib, O'Sullivanni akasining o'ldirilishida u aybdor deb taxmin qildi. Bulger, mag'lubiyat tomonida ekanligini tushunib, yashirincha yaqinlashdi Xau qish, rahbari Qishki tepalik to'dasi va u Killen rahbariyatini o'ldirish bilan urushni tugatishi mumkinligini da'vo qildi. Ko'p o'tmay, 1972 yil 13-may kuni Donald Killin atrofidagi shahar tashqarisidagi uyi oldida otib tashlandi Framingham.^[27] Ni, Killenni Bulger emas, Mullen ijrochilari Jeyms Mantvill va Tommi King tomonidan o'ldirilgan deb da'vo qilmoqda.^{[37]:123–125}

Bulger va Killins Bostondan qochib ketishdi, ular keyingi bo'lishlaridan qo'rqishdi. Nei nizoni muhokama qildi vositachilik qilgan Qish va Jozef Russo tomonidan, kaporegim ning Patriarca jinoyatchilar oilasi yilda Rod-Aylend. Bostondagi Chandler tungi klubida o'tirishda South End, Mullenlarni Ni va King, Killinsni esa Bulger namoyish etgan. Ikki to'da kuchlarni birlashtirdi, umuman Qishki boshliq.^{[37]:127–134[37]} Ko'p o'tmay, Donaldning omon qolgan yagona ukasi Kenni Bostonning Siti-Poytn mahallasida yugurib ketayotganda Bulger uni mashinaga chaqirib: "Ish tugadi, ishingiz tugadi. Endi ogohlantirish yo'q", dedi.^[38]:30 Keyinchalik Kenni qishki tepalikka guvohlik beradi ijrochilar Stiven Flemmi va Jon Martorano Bulger bilan birga mashinada bo'lgan.

Qishki tepalik to'dasi

Stiven Flemmi.

1972 yilgi sulhdan keyin Bulger va Mullenlar Janubiy Bostonning jinoiy dunyosini nazorat qilishgan. Federal qidiruv byurosi Maxsus agent Dennis Kondon 1973 yil sentyabr oyida o'z jurnalida Bulger va Nining mahalladagi bukmeker idoralari va qarz akulalarini qattiq silkitib qo'yganligini qayd etdi. Keyingi yillarda Bulger qarama-qarshiliklarni ketkazishni boshladi, Vinterni "safdan chiqqan" larni o'ldirishga sanktsiya berishga undadi. 2004 yilgi intervyusida Vinter juda aqlli Bulger "shaytonga nayranglarni o'rgatishi mumkinligini" esladi.^[39] Bu davrda Bulgerning qurbonlari orasida Mullen faxriylari McGonagle, King va Jeyms "Spayk" O'Tul.^[40]

Haftalarga ko'ra:

"Jinoyatchi sifatida u faqat jinoyatchilarga o'lja qilishni taklif qildi ... Va bu odamlardan qoniqish hosil qilib bo'lmaganda, boshqa barcha imkoniyatlar o'rganib chiqilgandan so'ng, u zo'ravonlikni ishlatishdan tortinmaydi ... Tommi King, 1975 yilda, bunga misol bo'la oladi ... Tommining muammolari, u va Jimmi Triple O-da ishlagan paytdan boshlangan edi. Mullinlar bo'lgan Tommi musht urgan edi. Va Jimmi buni ko'rdi ... bir hafta o'tgach, Tommi vafot etdi Tommining ikkinchi va oxirgi xatosi Jimmi, Stivi va Jonni Martorano bilan birga mashinaga o'tirish edi ... O'sha kuni kechqurun Jimmi Buddi Leonardni o'ldirdi va uni Tommining mashinasida Pilsudski yo'lida qoldirdi. Old Colony loyihalari hokimiyatni chalg'itish uchun. "^[31]:90–91

1979 yilda Vinter o'zining yaqin doirasining ko'plab a'zolari bilan birga ayblanib hibsga olingan tuzatish ot poygalari. Bulger va Flemmi chetda qolishdi ayblov xulosalari. Ular kuch vakuumiga kirib, to'daga rahbarlikni o'z qo'llariga olishdi va uning shtab-kvartirasini Bostondagi Lancaster Street Garage-ga o'tkazdilar. West End, yaqin Boston bog'i.^[27]

Avtobuslarga qarshi hujumlar

Xabarlarga ko'ra, 1974 yil avgust oyi oxiri yoki sentyabr oyi boshlarida Bulger va uning sherigi boshlang'ich maktabni yoqib yuborgan Uelsli AQSh okrug sudi sudyasini qo'rqitish Vendell Artur Garrity Jr. uning majburiy rejasi ustidan Boston shahridagi ajratilgan maktablar avtobus yordamida. Bir yil o'tib, 1975 yil 8 sentyabrda Bulger va noma'lum shaxs a ni tashladi Molotov kokteyli ichiga Jon F. Kennedining tug'ilgan joyi yilda Bruklin uchun qasos sifatida Senator Ted Kennedi Boston maktabining degregatsiyasini ovozli qo'llab-quvvatlash. Keyinchalik Bulger milliy tarixiy joyning tashqarisidagi piyodalar yo'lagida "Bus Teddy" -ni chizish uchun qora bo'yoqlardan foydalangan.^[41][42]

Federal qidiruv byurosi ma'lumotchisi

1971 yilda Federal tergov byurosi (FQB) Bulgerga yaqinlashdi va uni o'z tarkibiga jalb qilishga urindi xabar beruvchi Patriarca jinoyatchilar oilasiga qarshi kurashning bir qismi sifatida. Federal qidiruv byurosi maxsus agenti Jon Konnoli pitch qilish uchun tayinlangan. Biroq, Connolly Bulgerning ishonchini qozonolmadi.^[38]:5 Uch yildan so'ng, Bulger Flemmi bilan hamkorlik qildi Italiya-Amerika 1965 yildan beri Federal qidiruv byurosining xabarchisi bo'lgan mobster. Bu tez orada Bulger Flemmidan o'rnak olgani haqidagi hujjat bo'lsa-da, aynan qanday va nima uchun munozaralar davom etmoqda. Konnolli tez-tez tunda kechqurun bo'lib o'tadigan yig'ilishda Bulgerni qanday qilib yollaganligi haqida boshqa agentlariga maqtandi Vollaston plyaji Federal qidiruv byurosi chiqargan avtomobil ichida. Konnolining ta'kidlashicha, FTB Bulgerning Patriarka bilan janjallashishida yordam berishi mumkin taglik Gennaro Angiulo. Maydonni tinglagach, Bulger shunday javob bergan: "Yaxshi, agar ular shashka o'ynashni istasalar, biz shaxmat o'ynaymiz. Siktir".^[38]:14

Haftalar Flemmi Byuroga ma'lumot etkazib berish yoki qamoqxonaga qaytish imkoniyatini berib, Bulgerni FQBga xiyonat qilgan deb o'ylaydi.^{[31]:xvi – xvii} 1997 yilda, ko'p o'tmay Boston Globe Bulger va Flemmi informator bo'lganligini oshkor qilgan Haftalar Connolly bilan uchrashdi, u Bulgerning FBI ma'lumot beruvchi faylining nusxasini ko'rsatdi. Bulger va Flemmining axborot beruvchi maqomini tushuntirish uchun, Konnoli "The Mafiya Jimmi va Stiviga qarshi ketayotgan edi, shuning uchun Jimmi va Stivi ularga qarshi chiqishdi. "^[31]:247 2011 yilda bo'lib o'tgan intervyusida Flemmi "Men va Uitey [federlar] ga shilimshiq berishdi va ular bizga oltin berishdi" deb esladilar.^[32]

Haftalarga ko'ra:^[31]:248

... Konnoli menga fayllardagi ma'lumotlarning 90 foizi Stividan olinganligini aytib turaverdi. ... Ammo, Konnoli menga, faylini faol ushlab turish uchun fayllarga Jimmining ismini qo'yishi kerakligini aytdi. Konmi, Jimmi faol ma'lumot beruvchi ekan, u Jimmi bilan uchrashishni va unga qimmatli ma'lumotlarni berishni oqlashi mumkinligini aytdi. U nafaqaga chiqqanidan keyin ham Konnolining FTBda do'stlari bor edi va u va Jimmi bir-birlariga nima bo'layotganini aytib berish uchun uchrashishda davom etishdi. ... Ko'pgina xabarlarning italiyaliklarga qarshi emasligini ko'rdim. Polsha va Irlandiyalik yigitlarning, biz bilan hamkorlik qilgan odamlarning, mening do'stlarimning ismlari tobora ko'payib borardi. ... Men ushbu odamlarning ba'zilari ushbu hisobotlarda aytib o'tilgan jinoyatlar uchun hibsga olinganlarini qayta-qayta ko'rardim. ... Connolly menga fayllar tarqalmaganligini, ular shaxsiy foydalanish uchun ishlatilganligini aytganda, bu bema'nilik edi. ... Agar biron bir tergov olib borilayotgan bo'lsa va uning rahbari: "Buni ko'rib chiqayin", deb aytgan bo'lsa, Konnoli nima qilmoqchi edi? U undan voz kechishi kerak edi. Va u aniq edi.

Federal qidiruv byurosi xodimi Jon Morris 1977 yilning dekabrida Federal qidiruv byurosining Boston dala idorasida uyushgan jinoyatchilik guruhiga rahbarlik qildi.^[38]:54 Morris nafaqat Konnollining Bulgerni himoya qilishga qodir emasligini isbotladi, balki unga yordam berishni ham boshladi. 1982 yilga kelib Morris Bulgerga o'sha paytdagi sevgilisi Debbi Nuseworthining oldiga tashrif buyurishi uchun samolyot chiptalarini sotib olishga majbur qilib, "yaxshilab murosaga keldi". Gruziya u giyohvand moddalarni tergov qilish uchun o'qitilayotgan paytda. 1983 yildan keyin ham, Morris Boston Federal Qidiruv Byurosining giyohvandlikka qarshi tezkor guruhiga rahbarlik qilganida, u Konnoli va Buljerning sherigi bo'lib qoldi.^{[38]:135–138} 1988 yilda Bulgerning Federal qidiruv byurosi ma'lumotchisi sifatida ishi oshkor bo'lganda Globus'Jurnalist boshchiligidagi "Spotlight" jamoasi Jerar O'Nil, jinoyat sodir etishda ham FBI bilan ish olib borganligi haqidagi hikoyani nashr etdi.^[43]

1995 yilda Bulger va Flemmi ayblanmoqda reketchilik ikkita Boston bilan birga zaryadlar mafiosi, Frank Salemme va Bobbi DeLuka. Kashfiyot bosqichida Salemme va DeLuka FBI jinoiy harakatlar qaerda sodir bo'lishi to'g'risida oldindan ma'lumotga ega bo'lmaganda, odatda ruxsat berilgan, qo'zg'atuvchi xatolardan lentani tinglashmoqda. Xatolarni tinglayotgan ikkita agentni ular o'zlarining axborot beruvchilardan biriga boshqa savollarga javob beradigan "savollar ro'yxatini" berishni aytishlari kerakligini aytganlarini eshitishdi. Ularning advokati Toni Kardinale bundan xabar topgach, Federal Qidiruv Byurosi axborot beruvchini himoya qilish uchun xatoning asosi to'g'risida yolg'on gapirganini tushundi. Bu birinchi marta sodir bo'layotgani emas deb gumon qilib, Kardinale majburlamoqchi bo'ldi prokurorlar ish yuzasidan foydalanilgan har qanday ma'lumot beruvchilarning shaxsini aniqlash.^{[38]:288–289, 291–293} Federal sudya Mark L. Wolf 1997 yil 22 mayda Kardinale taklifini qondirdi. 3 iyun kuni Pol E. Kofi, Uyushgan jinoyatchilik va reketlar bo'limi boshlig'i Adliya vazirligi, Bulgerning FQB ma'lumotchisi bo'lganligini tan olib, qasamyod qildi. Kofining ta'kidlashicha, Bulger informator bo'lib ishlagan paytida "jinoiy korxonani boshqarishda" ayblangan va hozir ham a qochoq, u shaxsiyatining himoyalanishi to'g'risida "har qanday oqilona umidni yo'qotdi".^{[38]:300–301}

2006 yil 5 sentyabrda federal sudya Reginald C. Lindsay Bulger va Flemmining noto'g'ri munosabati bilan 1984 yilda informator Jon MakIntirening o'ldirilishiga sabab bo'lgan va oilasiga 3,1 million dollar miqdorida tovon puli to'lagan. Lindsay, Federal qidiruv byurosi Connollyni (2002 yilda sudlangan va qamoqqa olingan) to'g'ri nazorat qila olmaganligini va Bulger va Flemmining aloqadorligi haqidagi ko'plab ayblovlar bo'yicha "boshini qumga tiqib qo'yganini" aytdi. giyohvand moddalar savdosi, o'nlab yillar davomida qotillik va boshqa jinoyatlar.^[44]

Janubiy Bostondagi jinoiy harakatlar

Birlashtiruvchi kuch

Federal qidiruv byurosi Bulgerning ijrochi Stiven Flemmi bilan kuzatuv fotosurati, v. 1980 yil

1979 yil fevral oyida federal prokuratura Winter Hill Gangning ko'plab a'zolarini, shu jumladan boshliq Howie Winterni ot poygalarini tuzatishda aybladi. Dastlab Bulger va Flemmi ushbu ayblovning bir qismi bo'lishlari kerak edi, ammo Konnoli va Morris prokuror Yeremiya T. O'Sallivanni o'zlariga qo'yilgan ayblovlarni so'nggi daqiqada bekor qilishga ishontirishga muvaffaq bo'lishdi. Bulger va Flemmi o'rniga nomini olishdi aniqlanmagan sheriklar.^[38]:64–68

Keyinchalik Bulger va Flemmi Qishki Xill to'dasining qoldiqlarini egallab olishdi va raqobatni yo'q qilish uchun o'zlarining ma'lumot beruvchi maqomidan foydalanishdi. Keyingi yillarda ular Federal Qidiruv Byurosiga taqdim etgan ma'lumotlar Bulgerning tahdid deb hisoblagan bir necha sherigining qamoqqa olinishiga sabab bo'lgan; ammo, ularning federal hukumat bilan munosabatlarining asosiy qurboni Bostonda joylashgan Patriarka oilasi edi Shimoliy End va Federal tepalik, Dalil, Rod-Aylend. 1986 yilda RICO tomonidan Angiulo va uning sheriklariga qarshi ayblov e'lon qilinganidan so'ng, Patriarca oilasining Bostondagi operatsiyalari izdan chiqqan edi. Bulger va Flemmi Boston hududidagi uyushgan jinoyatchilik ustidan nazoratni o'z zimmalariga olish uchun paydo bo'lgan bo'shliqqa qadam qo'yishdi.^[27]

Lui Litifning o'ldirilishi

1980 yilda Bulgerga Triple O-lar yaqinlashdi Lui Litif, a Livanlik-amerikalik mahalla bukmeykerlari. Barda yugurib kelgan Uiks shunday dedi: "U katta yigit emas edi, ehtimol besh etti va 185 funt. Arab kelib chiqishi, uning mo'ylovi bor edi Saddam Xuseyn. ... O'sha tunda u har doimgidek o'zining yoqimsiz baland ovozida gaplashardi. Barda 400 kishi bo'lganida ham, siz Luining borligini doim bilgansiz. "^[31]:57

Litif sheriklaridan bukmekerlik operatsiyasida pul o'g'irlab, pulni trafikka ishlatgan kokain, va nafaqat Bulgerga giyohvand moddalar foydasini to'lashdan bosh tortgan, balki Bulgerning ruxsatisiz ikkita qotillikni sodir etgan.^[31]:57–59 Litif g'azablangan Bulgerga, shuningdek, sherigi "Jou Sartarosh" ni ham o'ldirmoqchi ekanligini aytdi, uni bukmekerlik operatsiyasida o'g'irlikda aybladi. Bulger bunga sanktsiya berishdan bosh tortdi, ammo Litif davom etishga va'da berdi. Bulger javob berdi: "Siz chiziqdan o'tdingiz. Siz endi shunchaki bukmeker emassiz".^[31]:58 Litif javob berdi, chunki Bulger uning do'sti edi, u tashvishlanadigan narsasi yo'q. Bulger sovuqqonlik bilan javob qaytardi: "Biz endi do'st emasmiz, Louie."^[31]:53

O'sha paytda Haftalar uylanmoqchi edilar va to'ydan biroz oldin, Bulgerga ziyofatda Litifga joy topishda qiynalayotganligi haqida xabar berishdi. "Bu haqda tashvishlanmang", deb javob berdi Bulger. - Ehtimol u ko'rsatmaydi.^[31]:55 "[Louie] har doim Jimmi uchun yirik pul ishlab chiqaruvchisi bo'lgan. ... Va endi u Jimmining do'stini o'ldirmoqchi edi. Bunga hech qanday yo'l yo'q edi. Bundan ko'p o'tmay, mening to'yimdan bir hafta oldin yoki undan oldin Louie edi. mashinasining yuk qismidagi axlat sumkasiga to'ldirilgan holda topilgan, uni janubiy uchiga tashlab yuborishgan, uni muz bilan pichoq bilan urishgan va otib tashlashgan. "U rang bilan muvofiqlashtirildi, - dedi Jimmi menga. - U yashil ichki kiyim kiyib olgan. va yashil axlat sumkasida edi. "^[31]:59

Haftalarga ko'ra,

Strangli etarlicha, Jimmi, menga: "Louining menga aytgan so'nggi so'zlari yolg'on edi", dedi. Aftidan, Loui o'zi kelishini va hech kim uni haydab yubormaganligini ta'kidlagan. O'sha kecha Louining Jimmiga nima uchun yolg'on gapirganini aniqlash qiyin edi. Agar u Jimmiga kimdir uni haydab yuborganini aytganida, u yo'llanma olishi mumkin edi. Ammo bu uzoq davom etmas edi, chunki Jimmi Luining yovvoyi yurishiga yo'l qo'yishni xohlamagan edi.^[45]

Xalloran va Donaxue qotilliklari

1982 yilda ko'chalarda "Balloonxed" nomi bilan tanilgan Edvard Brayan Xalloran ismli Janubiy Boston kokain sotuvchisi FQBga murojaat qilib, Bulger va Flemmi Litifni o'ldirganiga guvoh bo'lganligini aytdi. Konnolli Bulger va Flemmini Xalloran nima degani, xususan ularning ishtiroki haqidagi bilimlari va ularning eng kichik hamkori Jyeyms "Gentleman Jim" Mulvey bilan birga biznesmenning qotilligida batafsil ma'lumot berib turdi. Rojer Uiler.^[46]:216 Connolly, Xalloran ushbu ma'lumotni Federal Qidiruv Byurosiga o'zi va uning oilasi uchun joylashtirilishi uchun sotib olganligini xabar qildi. Guvohlarni himoya qilish dasturi.^{[46]:221–223} Ko'p o'tmay, 1982 yil 11-mayda Bulger, Flemmi va Haftalar Halloranning Janubiy Bostonga qaytib kelgani haqida xabar berishdi. Voqea joyiga etib borganidan so'ng, Haftalar stekni tashqariga chiqarib qo'yishdi Entoni Pier 4 Halloran ovqatlanadigan restoran. Maykl Donaxu, Halloranning do'sti Dorchester, tasodifan restoranda unga duch keldi. Donahue unga qimmatga tushadigan qaror bilan Halloranga uyiga qaytishni taklif qildi.

Donaxue va Xalloran avtoturargohdan chiqib ketayotganlarida, haftalar Bulgerga "shar havoda" deb ishora qildi radio-talkie. Bulger sukut saqlagan boshqa bir odam bilan haydab bordi MAC-10; Bulgerning o'zi a .30 karbin. Bulger va boshqa qurollangan shaxs ikkalasi ham niqoblangan holda, o't ochishdi va Halloran va Donaxuening mashinalariga o'q sepdilar. Donaxue boshiga o'q uzdi va shu zahoti o'ldirildi. Halloran o'z hujumchisini Jeyms Flinn sifatida tanib olish uchun etarlicha uzoq umr ko'rdi, u keyinchalik Qishki Xillning sherigi bo'lib, keyinchalik sud qilingan va oqlandi. Flinn qoldi asosiy gumondor 1999 yilgacha, Haftalar tergovchilar bilan hamkorlik qilishga kelishib, Bulgerni otishmalardan biri sifatida aniqladilar. Flemmi ikkinchi o'q otuvchini Mulvi ekanligini aniqladi, u bu ayblovni rad etdi va hanuzgacha ayblanmagan.

Donaxue rafiqasi va uch o'g'li bilan tirik qoldi. Oxir-oqibat uning oilasi va Halloranning a fuqarolik da'vosi Connolly Bulgerga Halloranning informatsion maqomi to'g'risida xabar berganini bilib, AQSh hukumatiga qarshi. Ikkala oilaga ham bir necha million dollar mukofot berildi zarar. Biroq, da'volar kechiktirilganligi sababli sud hukmi apellyatsiya tartibida bekor qilindi.^[47] Otasi o'ldirilganida sakkiz yoshda bo'lgan Tomas Donaxue Qishki Xill to'dasi tomonidan o'ldirilgan deb taxmin qilinganlarning oilalari vakiliga aylandi.^[48]

Tepalik yillari

1980-yillar davomida Bulger, Flemmi va Haftalar Massachusets shtatining sharqiy qismida qarzdorlik, bukmekerlik, yuk mashinalarini olib qochish, shu jumladan raketalar bilan ishladilar. qurol savdosi va tovlamachilik. Shtat va federal idoralar Bulger va uning yaqin doiralariga qarshi ish qo'zg'ashga urinishlarida bir necha bor to'xtab qolishdi. Bunga bir nechta omillar sabab bo'ldi. Ular orasida trioning qo'rquvi ham bor edi tinglash va o'z bizneslarini telefon yoki transport vositalarida hech qachon muhokama qilmaslik siyosati. Boshqa sabablarga Janubiy Boston sabablari ham kiritilgan sukunat kodi va Federal qidiruv byurosi ichidagi korruptsiya Boston politsiya boshqarmasi, va Massachusets shtati politsiyasi. Connolly Bulgerning huquqni muhofaza qilish organlari ichidagi eng taniqli manbai bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, Haftalar Massachusets shtati politsiyasi podpolkovnik Lt. Richard J. Shneyderhan, ekipajning ushbu agentlikdagi yagona manbasi yanada yuqori baholandi.^[49][50]

Giyohvand moddalarni sotuvchilarni tovlamachilik

1980-yillarning o'rtalarida Bulger Boston va uning atrofidagi giyohvand moddalarni sotuvchilarni o'z shtab-kvartirasiga chaqira boshladi. Haftalar va Flemmi tomonidan yonma-yon turgan Bulger har bir sotuvchiga ushbu dilerning o'ldirilishi evaziga unga katta miqdordagi pul taklif qilinganligi to'g'risida xabar berar edi. Keyin u ularni o'ldirmaslikning narxi sifatida katta naqd to'lovni talab qiladi. Oxir-oqibat, giyohvand moddalarning katta foydasi chidamsiz bo'lib qoldi.

Janubiy Boston kokainining ko'p qismi va marixuana odam savdosi mobster boshchiligidagi ekipaj nazorati ostida edi Jon Shea. Haftalarning so'zlariga ko'ra, Bulger qisqacha Sheani o'ldirish haqida o'ylagan, ammo oxir-oqibat uning foydasini haftalik qisqartirishga qaror qilgan. Haftalar shuningdek, Bulger o'z hududida faoliyat yuritgan dilerlarga nisbatan qat'iy qoidalarni qo'llaganligini aytdi,^[31]:156 dan foydalanishni qat'iyan man etish PCP va bolalarga giyohvand moddalar sotish,^[31]:179 Uning qoidalariga binoan o'ynashdan bosh tortgan dilerlar uning maydonidan zo'ravonlik bilan haydab chiqarilganligini qo'shimcha qildi. 1990 yilda Shea va uning sheriklari tomonidan olib borilgan tergov yakunlari bo'yicha hibsga olingan Narkotik moddalarini nazorat qilish agentligi, Boston politsiyasi va Massachusets shtati politsiyasi. U jimgina uzoq muddatli qamoq jazosini o'tab, pul to'laganini tan olishdan bosh tortdi himoya puli Bulger, Flemmi va haftalarga. U Bulgerni "kalamush" da ayblagan boshqa mahbuslar bilan bir necha bor janjallashgan. Bu Shea janubiy Bostonda afsonaviy obro'ga ega bo'ldi.^[31]:167

1999 yilgi haftaliklarning hamkorligigacha Bulger o'sha paytda qochoq bo'lib, tergovchilar tomonidan giyohvand moddalar savdosi bilan chambarchas bog'liq edi. Bilan o'tkazilgan intervyusiga ko'ra Globus jurnalistlar Kevin Kullen va Shelli Merfi, haftalar "Uayti taxminan o'ttiz million dollar ishlab topdi ... ularning aksariyati giyohvand moddalar savdogarlarini o'z maydonlarida biznes qilishlariga yo'l qo'ymaslikdan."^[46]:194

Qurol savdosi

Eng zo'ravonlik davrida Muammolar uchun hamdardlik Irland millatchiligi va Muvaqqat Irlandiya respublika armiyasi (IRA) Janubiy Bostonda juda keng tarqalgan edi, shuningdek, Shimoliy Irlandiyada inglizlarning mavjudligiga qarshi IRA terroristik kampaniyasi uchun pul yig'ish va qurol-yarog 'olib o'tishga qaratilgan harakatlar. Federal qidiruv byurosi bilan aloqada bo'lganidan beri Bulger "hech qachon AIRdan voz kechmasligini" ta'kidlagan. Bulger ilgari xayriya qilgan NORAID va jo'natilgan qurol - "qurol va blok FZR 4 plastik portlovchi moddalar "- 1980-yillarning boshlarida Eronga mikroavtobusda. IRA bilan uchrashuvdan so'ng Xodimlar boshlig'i Djo Kaxill, Bulger va Nee "Janubiy Boston va Charlstaun "Bu pullar IRA uchun Atlantika okeani orqali etkazib beriladigan qurol sotib olish uchun ishlatilgan trauler Valhalla. Bulger shuningdek, shaxsan o'zining ba'zi qurol-yarog'larini sovg'a qildi. Foydalanishdan oldin Valhalla, u hech bo'lmaganda bir marta furgonda qurol va C-4 yuborilishini nazorat qilgan. Bulger u etkazib bergan IRA a'zolari qurol bo'lgan furgonni yoqib yuborganini bilganidan g'azablandi.

1984 yil 13 sentyabrda Bulger, Uiks va Ni yuklarni yuklashni nazorat qildilar Valhalla. Yakuniy keshga "91 ta miltiq, 8 ta avtomat, 13 ta o'qotar qurol, 51 ta qurol, 11 ta o'q o'tkazmaydigan yelek, 70 000 ta o'q-dorilar, shuningdek bir qator qo'l granatalari va raketa boshlari" kiritilgan.^[51] Valhalla bilan Irlandiyaning g'arbiy qirg'og'idan 120 mil uzoqlikda uchrashdi Marita Ann, suzib o'tgan IRA kemasi Tralee. Qaytish safari paytida Irlandiya dengiz floti to'xtadi Marita Ann va yashirin qurol-yarog'ni egallab olib, Iroq a'zolarini hibsga oldi Martin Ferris, Mayk Braun va Jon Krouli. Amaliyot IRA a'zosi tomonidan buzilgan Shon O'Kallagan, kim uchun ma'lumot bergan Irlandiya milliy politsiyasi.

Qachon Valhalla ekipaj a'zosi John McIntyre "ajrashgan xotiniga tashrif buyurmoqchi bo'lganligi uchun" hibsga olingan, u Boston politsiyasiga qurol kontrabandasidagi rolini tan olgan. McIntyre Bulgerni Federal Qidiruv Byurosi xodimi Roderik Kennediga yashirincha olib kirishda ishtirok etgan, ammo Kennedi "[Bulgerning xizmatchisi] Konnolli uni eshitganini ... kimdir haqida kimdir haqida gapirib berganini ta'kidladi. Valhalla Konnolli Bulgerning McIntyre haqidagi gumonlarini tasdiqladi, Bulger va Flemmi Makintyreni xiyonati uchun o'ldirishni o'ylashiga olib keldi.^{[46]:206–268}

Uiksning so'zlariga ko'ra, Bulger McIntyre bilan Janubiy Bostondagi uyda uchrashganida, u informatorni o'ldirishdan qochishga umid qilgan va uni Janubiy Amerikaga pul bilan yuborishni taklif qilgan va u hech qachon oilasi yoki do'stlari bilan hech qachon aloqada bo'lmasligini tushungan. Biroq, McIntyreni bir necha soat davomida so'roq qilishdan so'ng, Bulger hamma bilan aloqalarni uzish uchun intizomga ega emas deb qaror qildi. Keyin u Makintayrni o'ldirdi va uxlab qolish uchun yuqoriga ko'tarildi, hafta va Flemmi murdaning tishlarini pens bilan olib, yerto'laga ko'mishdi.

Massachusets lotereyasi

1991 yil yozida Bulger va Uiks sheriklari Patrik va Maykl Linski bilan birgalikda g'oliblikni qo'lga kiritishdi. Massachusets lotereyasi unga tegishli do'kondan sotib olingan chipta. To'rt kishi taxminan 14 million AQSh dollari miqdoridagi mukofotni bo'lishdi. Bulger jekpotdan o'z ulushini noqonuniy ravishda qo'lga kiritgan deb o'ylashdi.^[52]

Yiqilish

1994 yilda suratga olingan (65 yosh).

1994 yil aprelda DEA, Boston politsiyasi va Massachusets shtati politsiyasining qo'shma ishchi guruhi Bulger's tekshiruvini boshladi. noqonuniy qimor operatsiyalar. FBI, bu vaqtga kelib, murosaga keltirilgan deb hisoblangan, bu haqda xabar bermagan. Bir qator bukmekerlar Bulgerga himoya puli to'laganligi to'g'risida guvohlik berishga rozi bo'lgandan so'ng, unga qarshi federal ish qo'zg'atildi Reketlarning ta'siriga tushgan va korrupsiyaga botgan tashkilotlar Akt (RICO).

Haftalarga ko'ra:^[31]:215

1993 va 1994 yillarda, chimchilab tushishdan oldin, Jimmi va Stivi sayohat qilishgan Frantsuzcha va Italiya Rivierasi. Ularning ikkalasi butun Evropani kezib, ba'zida bir muncha vaqt ajralib ketishdi. Ba'zan ular qizlarni olib ketishdi, ba'zida faqat ikkalasi ketishdi. Ular avtoulovlarni ijaraga olib, butun Evropani kezib chiqishardi. Bu hamma narsadan ko'ra ko'proq tayyorgarlik, boshqa hayotga tayyorgarlik ko'rish edi. Ular mendan borishni so'ramagan, men xohlaganim kabi emas. Jimmi yugurishga ko'p yillar davomida tayyorgarlik ko'rgan. U boshqa shaxsni, Tomas Baxterni, shu nomdagi to'liq shaxsiy guvohnomasi va kredit kartalari bilan tashkil etgan edi. U hatto Baxter nomidagi uyushmalarga qo'shilib, yigit uchun butun portfelini yaratdi. U har doim sizni qisqa vaqt ichida uchishga tayyor bo'lishingiz kerakligini aytgan. Va u edi.

Bulger ham o'rnatgan edi seyflar Shimoliy Amerika va Evropa bo'ylab joylarda naqd pul, zargarlik buyumlari va pasportlarni o'z ichiga olgan, shu jumladan Florida, Oklaxoma, Monreal, Dublin, London, Birmingem va Venetsiya. 1994 yil dekabrda unga Konolli Adliya vazirligidan muhrlangan ayblov xulosalari kelganligi va FQB Rojdestvo mavsumida hibsga olinishi kerakligi to'g'risida xabar bergan. Bunga javoban Bulger 1994 yil 23-dekabrda o'zi bilan birga Bostondan qochib ketdi oddiy xotin Tereza Stenli.^[53]

Qochqin

Bostondan qochgan Bulger va Stenli to'rt kun davomida Rojdestvo bayramida bo'lishdi Selden, Nyu York, Yangi yil kunini mehmonxonada o'tkazishdan oldin Yangi Orlean "s Frantsuz kvartali. 1995 yil 5-yanvarda Bulger Bostonga qaytib borishga tayyorgarlik ko'rdi, bu yolg'on signal bo'ldi deb ishondi. Biroq o'sha kuni kechqurun Flemmi DEA tomonidan Boston restorani oldida hibsga olingan. Boston politsiyasi detektivi, Stivenning ukasi Maykl Flemmi Haftalarga hibsga olish to'g'risida xabar berdi. Hafta zudlik bilan uning rejalarini o'zgartirgan Bulgerga ma'lumot uzatdi.^[27]

Bulger va Stenli keyingi uch hafta davomida sayohat qilishdi Nyu-York shahri, Los Anjeles va San-Fransisko oldin Stenli o'z farzandlariga qaytishni xohlaganiga qaror qildi. Ular sayohat qildilar Clearwater, Florida, bu erda Bulger "Tom Baxter" identifikatsiyasini xavfsizlik qutisidan oldi. Keyin u Bostonga yo'l oldi va Stenlini to'xtash joyiga tashladi. Bulger haftalar bilan Dorchesterdagi Malibu plyajida uchrashdi, u erda haftaliklar Bulgerning qiz do'sti Ketrin Greigni olib kelishdi. Keyin Bulger va Greig birga qochishga kirishdilar.^[27]

Hafsalar o'z xotiralarida Bulger va Greig bilan yashirin uchrashuvni tasvirlaydi Chikago. Bulger oilasi bilan yashiringan vaqtini yaxshi eslardi Luiziana. U o'rnini Qishki Xill to'dasi rahbari etib tayinlagan Uiksga: "Agar biror narsa tushib qolsa, uni menga qo'ying", dedi.^{[31]:231–232} Ular yaqin atrofdagi yapon restoraniga to'xtashganda, Bulger, nihoyat, qochib ketayotgan hayotdan qanchalik charchaganligini aytib berdi. U Haftalarga: "Har kuni tashqarida men ularni mag'lub qilaman. Har bir yaxshi taom bu mendan tortib ololmaydigan taom".^[31]:233

Nyu-York ommaviy kutubxonasining asosiy filiali, 42-ko'cha va 5-avenyu

1995 yil noyabr oyining o'rtalarida Haftalar va Bulger so'nggi marotaba sher haykallarida uchrashdilar Nyu-York ommaviy kutubxonasining asosiy filiali va yaqin atrofdagi restoranda kechki ovqatga tanaffus qildi. Haftalarga ko'ra:^[31]:236

Kechki ovqatimiz oxirida u atrofdagi hamma narsadan xabardor bo'lib tuyuldi. Uning ohanglari biroz jiddiyroq edi va odatdagidek hazil-mutoyiba yo'q edi. U ilgari ishlatgan jumlaga mox yig'ilmaydi degan jumlani takrorladi, bu menga yana harakatda bo'lishini bilishini aytdi. Men u qaytib kelmasligidan iste'foga chiqayotganini his qildim. O'sha vaqtga qadar, men har doim uning ishni mag'lub etish ehtimoli bor deb o'ylaganiga ishonardim. Biroq, o'sha paytda u bilan boshqacha narsa sodir bo'ldi. Men uning ishining barcha jihatlarini to'liq tushunmadim. Bu aniqroq bo'lishiga yana olti oy bo'lar edi. Shunga qaramay, o'sha paytda Nyu-Yorkdagi o'sha restoranda men uning xayolida yangi joyga ko'chib ketganini sezdim. Hammasi tugadi. U hech qachon Janubiy Bostonga qaytib kelmaydi.

1999 yil 17-noyabrda Haftalar DEA va Massachusets shtati politsiyasining birlashgan kuchi tomonidan hibsga olingan. Garchi bu vaqtga qadar u Bulgerning FQB kelishuvidan xabardor bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, u sukunat kodeksiga sodiq qolishga qaror qildi. Biroq, Rod-Aylendda sud jarayonini kutayotganda Uayt federal qamoqxonasi, Haftalarga mahbus hamkasbi yaqinlashdi, "odam qildi "Patriarca oilasida unga kim:" Bola, nima qilyapsan? Siz bu yigitlar uchun uni eshak qilib olmoqchimisiz? Yodingizda bo'lsin, siz kalamushda kalamush qila olmaysiz. O'sha bolalar o'ttiz yildan beri hammadan voz kechishadi. "^[31]:261

Raqamli yosh o'sishi 2004 yilda Bulgerning hibsga olinishi uchun qilingan

Keyinchalik, haftalar qaror qildi kelishuvni bekor qilish federal prokurorlar bilan va deyarli har bir tinga va jasad qaerga dafn etilganini aniqladi. 2006 yilda yozgan haftalar esladi:^[31]:235

Ammo, men Jimmini qo'lga olish hech kimga oson bo'lmasligini bilar edim. Agar u ularning kelishini ko'rsa, ularni o'zi bilan olib ketar edi. U ikkilanmasdi. Qochishga chiqishdan oldin ham u doimo: "Hammamiz birga do'zaxga tushaylik", deb aytardi. Va u buni nazarda tutgan. Jimmining sudga bormasligini ham bilardim. U a ga murojaat qilishni afzal ko'radi umrbod qamoq jazosi uning oilasini suddan uyaltirishdan ko'ra. Agar uning ustida qurol bo'lsa, u butun umrini qamoqxonada o'tkazishdan ko'ra shon-shuhrat olovida chiqib ketar edi. Ammo ular uni hech qachon ushlay olishmaydi deb o'ylayman.

Manxunt

Bulgerni qo'lga olishdan oldin uni birinchi marta 2002 yilda Londonda ko'rishgan.^[54] Biroq, boshqa joylarda tasdiqlanmagan ko'rinishlar bo'lgan. Bir vaqtning o'zida, Federal qidiruv byurosi xodimlari Urugvayga etakchilikni tekshirish uchun yuborilgan. 60-yilligini nishonlash uchun boshqa agentlar yuborilgan Normandiya jangi Xabarlarga ko'ra, Bulger harbiy tarixning ashaddiy muxlisi bo'lgan. Later reports of a sighting in Italy in April 2007 proved false. Two people on video footage shot in Taormina, Sitsiliya, formerly thought to be Bulger and Greig walking in the streets of the city center, were later identified as a tourist couple from Germany.

In 2010, the FBI turned its focus to Viktoriya, Britaniya Kolumbiyasi, kuni Vankuver oroli.^[55] In pursuit of Bulger, a known book lover, the FBI visited bookstores in the area, questioned employees and distributed wanted posters.^[55][56] Following his arrest, Bulger revealed that instead of being reclusive, he had in fact traveled frequently, with witnesses coming forward to say they had seen him on the Santa Monika iskala va boshqa joylarda Kaliforniya janubi.^[57] A confirmed report by an off-duty Boston police officer after a San-Diego skrining Ketdi also led to a search in southern California that lasted "a few weeks".^[58]

Qo'lga olish

The apartment building in Santa-Monika, Kaliforniya, where Bulger lived as a fugitive for at least 15 years

After sixteen years at large and twelve years on the Federal qidiruv byurosi eng ko'p qidirilgan o'n nafar qochqin list, Bulger was arrested in Santa-Monika, Kaliforniya, on June 22, 2011. He was 81 years old at the time of the arrest.^[59][60][61]

Bulger was captured as a result of the work of the Bulger Fugitive Task Force, which consisted of FBI agents and a Deputy AQSh marshali. According to retired FBI agent Scott Bakken, "Here you have somebody who is far more sophisticated than some 18-year-old who killed someone in a drive-by. To be a successful fugitive you have to cut all contacts from your previous life. He had the means and kept a low profile."^[62]

A reward of US$2 million had been offered for information leading to his capture. This amount was second only to Usama Bin Laden 's capture reward on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list.^[63][64] Bulger had been featured on the television show Amerikaning eng ko'p qidirilayotgani sixteen times, first in 1995, and finally on October 2, 2010. According to authorities, the arrests were a "direct result" of the media campaign launched by the FBI in fourteen television markets across the country where Bulger and Greig reportedly had ties. The campaign focused on Greig, describing her as an animal lover who frequently went to beauty salons.^[65]

Some of the weapons found in Bulger's apartment

Authorities received a tip from a woman in Iceland that Bulger was living in an apartment near a beach in Santa Monica.^[66][67] Boston Globe identified the tipster as Anna Byörnsdottir, a former model, actress, and Miss Island 1974, who lived in Bulger's neighborhood.^[67][68]A day later, "using a ruse, agents and other task force members lured Mr. Bulger out of his apartment", "arrested him 'without incident', then went in the house and arrested Greig".^[65][69]Bulger was charged with murder, "conspiracy to commit murder, extortion, narcotics distribution and money-laundering". Agents found "more than $800,000 in cash, 30 firearms, and fake IDs" at the apartment.^[65] Karmen Ortiz, U.S. attorney for the District of Massachusetts, said "she believes the death penalty is not an option in the federal charges Bulger faces in her district, but that he could face the death penalty for two cases outside the district".^[65] In Oklahoma, where Bulger is alleged to have ordered the killing of businessman Roger Wheeler Sr., in 1981, Tulsa County District Attorney Tim Harris said, "It is our intention to bring Bulger to justice and to be held accountable for the murder of Mr. Wheeler".^[70] In Florida, Miami-Dade State Attorney Katherine Fernandez Rundle said, "After a 16-year delay, I will be working to ensure that a Miami jury has the opportunity to look [Bulger] in the eyes and determine his fate".^[70]

Immediately after being brought back to Boston, Bulger began talking to authorities. He said that during his days as a fugitive he often went back and forth across the border to Mexico to buy medicine for his heart disease.^[71] Many anticipated, and some feared, that Bulger, in exchange for favorable treatment in sentencing, would have much to tell authorities about corruption at the local, state and federal levels, which allowed him to operate his criminal enterprise for so long.^[8][9][10]

Bulger was arraigned in federal court on July 6, 2011. He pleaded aybdor emas to 48 charges, including 19 counts of murder, extortion, money laundering, obstruction of justice, yolg'on guvohlik berish, narcotics distribution and weapons violations.^[72]

In a 2011 interview Kevin Weeks expressed surprise at Bulger's decision to cooperate after his arrest. Weeks said, "I don't understand because he's not the same as I remember him. I can't believe he's so chatty right now. So I don't know what he's doing".^[73] Weeks added that he is not afraid of Bulger, and that the residents of Boston should not be either: "I don't think he's Pablo Eskobar where he can just walk out of his prison cell and come to South Boston or anywhere. No, no one's worried about him."^[73]

Ketrin Greig

Catherine E. Greig, Bulger's girlfriend

Bulger's companion during his years as a fugitive was his longtime girlfriend Catherine Greig, who is almost 22 years younger than Bulger.^[74] Greig grew up in Boston and had an identical twin sister, Margaret, and a younger brother, David. Their father was a machinist from Glazgo and their mother was from Canada, as was Bulger's father.^[74]

At about age 20, Greig married Robert "Bobby" McGonagle, a Boston firefighter.^[74] He was from a family that led the Mullen Gang and was injured during a mob gunfight in 1969.^[75] Before his 1987 death by drug overdose, McGonagle reportedly held Bulger responsible for the murders of his brothers, twins Donald and Paul McGonagle, who were killed during fighting between the Mullen-Killeen gang war.^[76] The body of Paul McGonagle, of whom Greig's sister Margaret was a widow, lay hidden and buried for 25 years on Tenean Beach in Dorchester.^[77] Greig's younger brother David, a close associate of Bulger, was found shot dead on Cape Cod in an apparent suicide.

Greig met Bulger in her late 20s after she divorced Bobby McGonagle. U sifatida ishlagan tish gigienisti.^[74] Greig has been described as intelligent, hardworking and educated, although was very subservient to, and dominated by, Bulger.^[75] She and Bulger lived together for a time at her home in Squantum, a section of Kvinsi.^[78]

Greig had been wanted by the FBI since 1999.^[79] The criminal complaint against her alleges that she harbored a fugitive, Whitey Bulger.^[80] She was represented in the criminal proceedings by the prominent criminal attorney Kevin Reddington of Brokton, Massachusets.^[81] After being captured alongside Bulger, Greig sought release on bail and home confinement,^[82] a request that was denied.

Greig initially indicated that she would go to trial rather than accept a plea bargain.^[83] In March 2012, however, Greig pleaded guilty to conspiracy to harbor a fugitive, identity fraud and conspiracy to commit identity fraud. On June 12, 2012, she was sentenced to eight years in federal prison. She declined to speak during her sentencing.^[84]

In September 2015, Greig was indicted on a charge of jinoiy hurmatsizlik stemming from her refusal to testify before a katta hakamlar hay'ati about whether other people aided Bulger while he was a fugitive.^[85] In February 2016, Greig pleaded guilty to this charge.^[85] Greig's attorney recommended 12 months in prison, while prosecutors—citing Greig's "unrepentant ... obstruction"—asked for 37 months.^[85] In April 2016, U.S. District Judge F. Dennis Saylor IV sentenced Greig, then midway through her sentence for harboring Bulger, to 21 months on the contempt charge, pushing her release date to late 2020.^[86]

Greig served much of her eight-year sentence at the Federal tuzatish muassasasi, Waseca yilda Minnesota,^[87] but was also been detained at various points in Rod-Aylend ahead of proceedings in the criminal contempt case.^[85][87]

Greig completed her sentence on July 23, 2020, and has been released from home confinement va elektron monitoring. She has been living quietly in South Boston with her twin sister Margaret McCusker.

Final detention

According to an excerpt of a book on Bulger published by Boston jurnali, Bulger only made one friend during his post-sentencing detention,^[88] Clement "Chip" Janis, a young convict who was trusted to run art classes for other convicts.

When Bulger arrived at the United States Penitentiary in Tucson there were more famous inmates there, including Brayan Devid Mitchell, Stiven Deyl Grin va Montoya Sánchez.^[88]

According to Janis, Bulger was attacked by a fellow convict nicknamed "Retro", whose knife pierced Bulger's neck and skull, and sent him to the prison infirmary for a month.^[88] Retro had no beef with Bulger, and launched the near-fatal attack solely so he would be put in solitary confinement, where he could put off paying for drugs he had acquired from other convicts.

Bulger was able to start counseling with a prison psychologist at the Tucson facility.^[88] But rumours circulated that she was too sympathetic to Bulger, and may even have allowed him to use her cell phone. His counseling was soon terminated, and he was transferred to the Coleman Federal Tuzatish Kompleksi yilda Florida.

At Coleman, Bulger started to have night terrors, which he attributed to the 1960s experiments where he had been administered LSD.^[88] Bulger, who started his imprisonment with a rigorous exercise regime, now used a wheelchair.

Racketeering trial and conviction

The United States Federal Correctional Complex Coleman where Bulger was held until October 2018.

On June 12, 2013, Bulger went on trial in South Boston's Jon Jozef Moakli AQSh sud binosi sudya oldida Denise J. Casper on 32 counts of racketeering and firearms possession.^[16] The racketeering counts included allegations that Bulger was complicit in 19 murders.^[16] The trial lasted two months and included the testimony of 72 witnesses; the jury began deliberations August 6.^[89] On August 12, the jury convicted Bulger of 31 out of 32 counts in the indictment.^[17] As part of the racketeering charges, the jury convicted Bulger of the murders of 11 victims—Paul McGonagle, Edward Connors, Tomas King, Richard Castucci, Roger Wheeler, Brian Halloran, Michael Donahue, John Callahan, Arthur "Bucky" Barrett, John McIntyre, and Deborah Hussey. The jury acquitted Bulger of killing Michael Milano, Al Plummer, William O'Brien, James O'Toole, Al Notorangeli, James Sousa and Francis Leonard. They also reported themselves unable to agree about the murder of Deborah Davis, though Bulger had already been found liable for her death in a civil suit.^[90] Following the verdict, Bulger's attorneys Kichik J. V. Karni and Hank Brennan vowed to appeal, citing Casper's ruling which prevented Bulger from claiming he had been given immunity.^[91]

On November 14, 2013, Bulger was sentenced to two terms of umrbod qamoq, plus five years. Casper told Bulger that such a sentence was necessary given his "unfathomable" crimes, some of which inflicted "agonizing" suffering on his victims. He was also ordered to jarima $25.2 million and pay $19.5 million in qoplash.^[92] Prosecutors in Florida and Oklahoma announced after Bulger's conviction that they would wait until after sentencing concluded before deciding whether or not to prosecute Bulger in their states.^[93] Bulger was indicted in Florida for the murder of Callahan and in Oklahoma for the murder of Roger Wheeler, and could have received the death penalty in those states.^[93]

In September 2014, Bulger entered the Coleman II United States Penitentiary yilda Sumtervill, Florida.^[19] In October 2018, he was transferred to the Federal Transfer Center in Oklaxoma Siti,^[94] and then a few days later to the Federal Penitentiary in West Virginia.^[95] According to prison documents obtained by The New York Times, Bulger gained a reputation for disconcerting behavior during his time in prison: "At the Coleman prison complex in Florida in September 2014, he was disciplined multiple times, including once for masturbating in front of a male staff member and once, in February, for threatening a female medical staff member".^[96] Bulger was also in poor health, as he was unable to walk and had a damaged hip, often falling out of bed. His health also declined due to a lack of exercise.^[96]

O'lim

Bulger was transferred from the Federal Transfer Center in Oklahoma City to Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Penitentsiari, Hazelton, in West Virginia on October 29, 2018.^[20][97] At 8:20 a.m. on October 30, the 89-year-old Bulger^[98] o'lik holda topilgan. Bulger was in a wheelchair and had been beaten to death by multiple inmates armed with a sock-wrapped padlock and a shiv. His eyes had nearly been gouged out and his tongue almost cut off;^{[99][100][101]} a law enforcement official described Bulger as "unrecognizable".^[96] This was the third homicide at the prison in a 40-day span.^[102] Correctional officers had warned Congress just days before the most recent Hazelton death that facilities were being dangerously understaffed.^[100] Massachusetts-based mafiya xitmen Fotios "Freddy" Geas is the primary suspect in orchestrating the killing of Bulger, and has not disputed his role in the murder.^{[99][103][104]} Geas, 51, and his brother were sentenced to life in prison in 2011 for their roles in several violent crimes, including the 2003 killing of Adolfo "Big Al" Bruno, a Genovese jinoyatchilar oilasi boss who was shot in a Sprinfild, Massachusets parking lot.^[105] Ga binoan ABC News, Bulger's medical status had been lowered on October 8, 2018, shortly before he was transferred.^[106]

On November 8, 2018, a funeral mass was held for Bulger at Saint Monica – Saint Augustine Church in South Boston. Family members, including his brother, former Massachusetts state Senate president Uilyam M. Bulger, and the twin sister of Catherine Greig attended.^[107] Bulger's death came as a relief to many Bostonians, especially for family members of his victims;^[96] Steven Davis, whose sister Debra was reportedly killed by Bulger in 1981, stated that "[h]e died the way I hoped he always was going to die."^[96]

Bulger is buried at Aziz Jozef qabristoni in the Boston Neighborhood of G'arbiy Roksberi under the Bulger family headstone inscribed with the names of his parents.^[108] In September 2019, the Bulger family filed a noqonuniy o'lim lawsuit against the Justice Department, alleging that, by lowering Bulger's medical status and transferring him to Hazelton, he "was deliberately placed in harm's way... There is simply no other explanation for the transfer of someone in his condition and inmate status to be placed in the general population of one of the country's most violent federal penitentiaries."^[109] The Bulger family is seeking AQSH$200,000 in damages.^[109]

Oila

Bulger had two younger brothers, William Michael "Billy" Bulger (born 1934) and John "Jackie" P. Bulger (born 1938). William Bulger served in the military during the Koreya urushi but was never posted to Korea. He was formerly an influential leader of the Demokratik partiya Massachusets shtatida. In a long political career, William rose to become President of the Massachusets Senati. After his retirement he was appointed President of the Massachusets universiteti tizim.^[110]

In December 2002, William Bulger appeared before the Uyning nazorat va hukumat islohoti bo'yicha qo'mitasi and refused to testify, citing his Beshinchi o'zgartirish o'ng qarshi o'zini ayblash.^[111] In April 2003, the committee voted "to grant William Bulger immunitet to obtain information concerning Whitey's whereabouts and the FBI's misuse of informants."^[111] In June 2003, William appeared before the committee, where he was grilled by legislators from both parties.^[111] He testified: "I do not know where my brother is. I do not know where he has been over the past eight years. I have not aided James Bulger in any way while he has been a fugitive."^[111] He added: "while I worried about my brother, I now recognize that I didn't fully grasp the dimensions of his life. Few people probably did. By definition, his was a secretive life. His actions were covert, hidden even from—or perhaps hidden especially from those who loved and cared about him. The subject that interests so many, the life and the activities of my brother James is painful and difficult for me."^[111] William said that the only contact with his brother during the fugitive years was a short telephone call in January 1995, shortly after his brother was indicted.^[111] Following this testimony, Massachusets gubernatori Mitt Romni waged an extended and ultimately successful effort to get William to resign from the presidency of the Massachusets universiteti, which he finally did in August 2003.^{[112][113][114]}

John "Jackie" Bulger, a retired Massachusetts sud kotibi sudya, was convicted in April 2003 of committing perjury in front of two grand juries regarding sworn statements he gave concerning contacts with his fugitive brother.^[115]

Shaxsiy hayot

Bulger fathered one child, Douglas Glenn Cyr (1967–1973), during a 12-year relationship with Lindsey Cyr, a waitress and former fashion model living in North Weymouth, Massachusetts.^[116] Bulger and Cyr began living together in 1966, when Cyr was 21 and a waitress at a North Quincy café.^[117] According to Cyr, "He used to say that there were four people he would turn up on a street corner for: Douglas, me, Billy, or his mother. And we all made him vulnerable."^[118] At six years of age, Douglas died from Reye sindromi after having a severe allergic reaction to an aspirin in'ektsiya.^[119] Lindsey Cyr later recalled it as:

An absolute nightmare, and it was very difficult for Jimmy because, no matter what, there was nothing that could save this. Money didn't matter, his power didn't matter. ... I remember that we were walking out of the hospital the night that he died, and he was holding my hand. And Jimmy said, "I'm never going to hurt like this again."^[118]

After Bulger's arrest, Cyr announced her support of him,^[120] bildirish:

If he wanted to see me, I'd be happy to. If he needs help getting attorneys and what have you, I'd be happy to help him. Part of me does [still love him]. I still care for him. I would always help him. I certainly always stand by him. He is the father of my child. He is 12 years of my life. I want to see him well protected. ... And I'm not particularly sympathetic to some of the people involved, some of the victims' families.^[117]

After his split from Cyr, Bulger began a relationship with Theresa Stanley, a South Boston divorcée with several children.^[121] Bulger bought her an expensive house in suburban Massachusets shtatidagi Kvinsi, and acted as father to her children while commuting to "work" in South Boston. However, he was repeatedly unfaithful to her with a host of other women, and was often absent while overseeing the running of his organization. In a 2004 interview Stanley stated that she was planning to publish her memoirs;^[39] however, she died of o'pka saratoni in 2012 at the age of 71.^[122]

Matbuot aloqalari

According to Weeks:^[31]:209

Most of the time, Boston Globe wasn't as inaccurate as the Xabarchi. They just knocked the people from Southie during busing. They also liked to describe me as, 'Whitey's surrogate son', another example of the media putting labels on people they wrote about. Jimmy and I were friends, not like father and son. Even though he was the boss, he always treated me equally, like an associate, not a son. The reporter who seemed to do the most research and put real effort into getting the true story without having been there was Shelley Murphy, who had been at the Xabarchi for ten years when she went to work for the Globus in 1993. But Jimmy and I usually ended up laughing at most of the news stories, as time and time again the media had it wrong, over and over again holding to their pledge to never let the truth get in the way of a good story.

Paul Corsetti

According to Weeks' memoirs, in 1980 Boston Herald reporter Paul Corsetti began researching an article about Lui Litif 's murder and Bulger's suspected involvement. After reporting the story for several days, Corsetti was approached by a man who said, "I'm Jim Bulger and if you continue to write shit about me, I'm going to blow your fucking head off."^[31]:207 Corsetti sought help from the Patriarca jinoyatchilar oilasi, but they said that Bulger was outside their control. "The next day, Corsetti reported the meeting to the Boston police. He was issued a pistol permit within 24 hours. The cop who gave him the permit told him, 'I'm glad my last name is not Corsetti.' A couple days later Jimmy told me about the scene with the cop and was glad to hear how uncomfortable he had made Corsetti."^[31]:207

Xau Karr

In his memoirs, Kevin Weeks related his participation in an attempt to assassinate reporter Xau Karr at his house in suburban Acton. Weeks stated that Carr was targeted because he was "writing nasty stories about people, he was an oxygen thief who didn't deserve to breathe." Carr has been among the most aggressive critics of the Bulger brothers, Whitey and Billi, for their careers in the Boston area; among his works is the book The Brothers Bulger, detailing the Bulger brothers' 25-year period of controlling Boston politics and the Boston underworld.^[27]

Weeks stated that, although several plans were considered, all were abandoned because there was too much risk of injuring Carr's wife and children. The plans climaxed with Weeks' own attempt to shoot Carr with a mergan rifle as he came out of his house. However, when Carr came out the front door holding the hand of his young daughter, Weeks could not bring himself to shoot. He wanted another opportunity to "finish the job," but Bulger advised him to forget about Howie Carr.^{[31]:205–206} In his 2006 memoir Weeks said that, although he was aware of the public outcry that would have followed, he regretted not murdering Carr. "His murder would have been an attack on the system, like attacking matbuot erkinligi, the fabric of the American way of life, and they would have spared no expense to solve the crime. But in the long run, Jimmy and I got sidetracked and the maggot lived. Still, I wish I'd killed him. No question about it."^[31]:206

Depictions in fiction and non-fiction

Bu maqola o'z ichiga olgan ko'rinadi ahamiyatsiz, mayda yoki o'zaro bog'liq bo'lmagan havolalar ommaviy madaniyat. Iltimos, mavzuni ommaviy madaniyatga ta'sirini tushuntirish uchun ushbu tarkibni qayta tashkil eting, iqtiboslarni taqdim etish ga ishonchli, ikkilamchi manbalar, shunchaki ko'rinishlarni ro'yxatlash o'rniga. Ma'lumot manbasi bo'lmagan material shubha ostiga olinishi va olib tashlanishi mumkin. (2018 yil oktyabr)

• 2014 yilgi hujjatli film Uiti: Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari va Jeyms J. Bulger, tamonidan qilingan Joe Berlinger, is based on Bulger's trials.
• Film Qora massa —released September 18, 2015 in the US—stars Jonni Depp as Bulger and was directed by Skott Kuper.^[123] The film's screenplay, by Mark Mallouk and Jez Buttervort, is based on the 2001 non-fiction book Qora massa: Federal Qidiruv Byurosi va Irlandiya mobi o'rtasidagi nopok ittifoqning haqiqiy hikoyasi, tomonidan Dik Lehr va Jerar O'Nil.^[124] The film chronicles Bulger's years as an FBI informant, and his manipulation of his FBI handler as a means to eradicate his rivals for control of the Boston underworld, the Italian Mafia.
• Bulger is mentioned considerably in the book Barcha qalblar: A Family Story from Southie tomonidan Michael Patrick MacDonald – a memoir about the author's life growing up in Boston during the 1970s and 1980s.^[125]

Characters based on Whitey Bulger

• Yilda season 11, episode 21 teleseriallarning Qonun va tartib entitled "Brother's Keeper", certain plot details are inspired by Bulger's criminal career. Specifically, an Irish-heritage criminal having a secret working relationship with the FBI via a childhood friend in the agency.^[126]
• The character of Frank Costello (played by Jek Nikolson ) 2006 yilda Martin Skorseze film Ketdi is loosely based on Bulger,^[127] though the plot of the movie is adapted from the 2002 Hong Kong film Infernal ishlar.
• The 2006–2008 Vaqtni ko'rsat TV seriallar Birodarlik, about two Irish-American brothers on opposite sides of the law, was inspired by the relationship between Whitey and Billy Bulger, although the show takes place not in Boston but in nearby Providens, Rod-Aylend.^[128]
• Teleserialda Ritsoli va orollar, which premiered in 2010, the character of Paddy Doyle, an Irish-American mobster who is the biological father of lead character Maura Isles, is based on a romanticized vision of Bulger.^[128]
• In season one of the Showtime series Rey Donovan, the character of Patrick "Sully" Sullivan, played by Jeyms Vuds, is loosely based on Bulger.^[128]
• The 2013 television drama Qora ro'yxat yulduzcha Jeyms Spader about a career criminal who turns himself in to work with the FBI on his own terms was inspired by Bulger's story.^[129][130]

Shuningdek qarang

• Endi izlanmayotgan adolatdan qochganlarning ro'yxati
• The World's 10 Most Wanted (See The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives) Vardi, Nathan (June 14, 2011). "Dunyodagi eng ko'p qidirilayotgan 10 nafar qochoq". forbes.com. Orqaga qaytish mashinasi: Forbes. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2011 yil 16 iyunda. Olingan 29-noyabr, 2019. Quinn (December 18, 2017). "2018 yilda dunyodagi eng ko'p qidirilayotgan 10 jinoyatchilar". improb.com. Orqaga qaytish mashinasi: Improb. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2019 yil 7 aprelda. Olingan 29-noyabr, 2019.
• James "Whitey" Bulger 2013 trial

Izohlar

Adabiyotlar

Qo'shimcha o'qish

• Xiyonat: Uayti Bulger va uni pastga tushirish uchun kurashgan Federal qidiruv byurosi agenti Robert Fitspatrik va Jon Land; Soxta kitoblar, 2012. ISBN  0765335514

Tashqi havolalar

• Uayti Bulger kuni IMDb
• To'plangan yangiliklar va sharhlar da Boston Globe
• "Whitey Bulger yangiliklar va sharhlarni yig'di". The New York Times.
• Bulger sudi hujjatlari
• Sud qurbonlarining oilalariga tovon puli to'lashni rad etish to'g'risidagi qaror
• Bulgerning Federal qidiruv byurosi eng ko'p qidirilgan 10 nafar qochqin haqida ogohlantirish
• Whitey Bulger criminallibrary.com saytida
• "Jeyms 'Whitey' Bulgerni qo'lga olish FBIning eng ko'p qidirilayotganlar ro'yxatiga kiritilgan, ikkitasi pastga, sakkiztasi qoldi"(obuna kerak) Melissa Bell tomonidan, Washingtonpost.com (2011 yil 23-iyun), 26-iyun, 2018-da olingan