Savdo joylari - Trading Places

Ushbu maqola 1983 yilgi komediya filmi haqida. Boshqa maqsadlar uchun qarang Savdo joylari (ajralish).
Savdo joylari
Dan Aykroyd va Eddi Merfi o'zlarining tegishli obrazlari sifatida, qo'llarida va cho'ntaklarida dollar kupyuralari bilan ko'rsatilgan teatr namoyishidagi plakat.
Teatrlashtirilgan plakat
RejissorJon Landis
Tomonidan ishlab chiqarilganAaron Russo
Tomonidan yozilgan
Bosh rollarda
Musiqa muallifiElmer Bernshteyn
KinematografiyaRobert Paynter
TahrirlanganMalkolm Kempbell
TarqatganParamount rasmlari
Ishlab chiqarilish sanasi
  • 1983 yil 8-iyul (1983-07-08)
Ish vaqti
116 daqiqa
MamlakatQo'shma Shtatlar
TilIngliz tili
Byudjet15 million dollar
Teatr kassasi90,4 million dollar

Savdo joylari 1983 yilgi amerikalik komediya filmi rejissor Jon Landis va tomonidan yozilgan Timoti Xarris va Herschel Weingrod. Yulduzlar Dan Aykroyd, Eddi Merfi, Ralf Bellami, Don Ameche, Denxolm Elliott va Jeymi Li Kertis. Filmda yuqori sinf vakillari haqida hikoya qilinadi tovar vositachisi (Aykroyd) va kambag'al ko'cha avtoulovi (Merfi), ularning hayoti o'zlari bilmagan holda har kim o'z hayot sharoitlari almashtirilganda qanday ishlashini sinab ko'rish uchun puxta tikish mavzusiga aylantirilganda kesib o'tadi. Savdo joylari Xususiyatlari Kristin Xolbi va Pol Glison yordamchi rollarda.

Xarris bu haqda tasavvur yaratdi Savdo joylari 1980-yillarning boshlarida bir-biri bilan doimiy raqobatlashayotgan ikki boy birodarga duch kelganidan keyin. U va uning sherigi Weingrod bu g'oyani yulduzlar uchun loyiha sifatida ishlab chiqdilar Richard Prayor va Gen Uaylder. Ular ishtirok eta olmaganlarida, Landis u ilgari birga ishlagan Aykroyd va yosh, ammo tobora ommalashib borayotgan Murfini ikkinchi badiiy film rolida suratga oldi. Landis shuningdek, Kurtisni studiya niyatiga qarshi, Paramount rasmlari; u asosan dahshatli filmlardagi rollari bilan mashhur bo'lgan, ular o'sha paytda unga yomon qarashgan. Asosiy fotosurat dekabrdan boshlab bo'lib o'tdi 1982 yildan martgacha 1983 yil, butunlay joylashgan joyda Filadelfiya, Pensilvaniya va Nyu-York shahri. Elmer Bernshteyn foydalanib, filmni suratga oldi Volfgang Amadeus Motsart "s opera-buffa Figaroning nikohi asosiy mavzu sifatida.

Savdo joylari chiqishi uchun 90.4 million dollardan ko'proq daromad olib, kassa chiqarilishida muvaffaqiyat sifatida qaraldi 1983 yilda eng ko'p daromad keltirgan to'rtinchi film Shimoliy Amerikada. Shuningdek, u umuman ijobiy baholandi. Sharhlovchilar markaziy aktyorlarni maqtashda izchil edilar va ular filmning qayta tiklanishini qadrlashdi vidbol komediyasi 1930 va 1940 yillarda keng tarqalgan janr. Tanqid filmda boylik to'plashni targ'ib qilishda janrning bir xil axloqiy xabaridan mahrum bo'lganligiga e'tibor qaratdi. Unda ko'plab mukofot nominatsiyalari, shu jumladan an Akademiya mukofoti Bernshteyn hisobi uchun va ikkitasida g'alaba qozondi BAFTA Elliott va Kertis uchun mukofotlar. Film 1980-yillar davomida har birining boshqa bir nechta filmlarida suratga tushgan asosiy aktyorlar faoliyatini boshladi yoki tikladi. Xususan, Merfi Gollivudda eng ko'p maosh oladigan va eng ko'p terilgan komediya aktyorlaridan biriga aylandi.

Nashr qilinganidan keyingi yillarda film ijobiy va salbiy ma'noda qayta baholandi. Hozirgacha yaratilgan eng yaxshi komediya va Rojdestvo filmlaridan biri sifatida maqtovga sazovor bo'ldi, ammo retrospektiv baholashlar uning irqiy hazil va tildan foydalanishini tanqid qildi. 2010 yilda film Kongressning tovarlarning savdo bozorini isloh qilish to'g'risidagi guvohnomalarida havolalar ichki savdo ichida namoyish etilgan Savdo joylari. 1988 yilda Bellamy va Ameche Merfining komediya filmi uchun o'zlarining obrazlarini takrorladilar Amerikaga kelish.

Uchastka

Birodarlar Randolf va Mortimer Dyuk o'zlarining a tovarlar vositachilik firmasi, Dyuk & Dyuk tovar brokerlari, yilda Filadelfiya, Pensilvaniya. Masalasida qarama-qarshi qarashlarni ushlab turish tabiat va tarbiya, ular pul tikishadi va eksperiment o'tkazishga rozi bo'ladilar - qarama-qarshi tomonda ikki kishining hayotini almashtirish ijtimoiy ierarxiya va natijalarni kuzatish. Ular o'zlarining boshqaruvchi direktori - Dyuklarning nevarasi Penelopaga unashtirilgan odobli va o'qimishli Lui Vinthorp III va Billi Ray Valentin ismli kambag'al ko'cha avtoulovi o'rtasidagi uchrashuvga guvoh bo'lishadi; Valentin Uinthorpning talabiga binoan hibsga olingan, chunki u o'g'irlik uchun gumon qilingan. Gersoglar bu ikki kishini o'z tajribalari uchun ishlatishga qaror qilishdi.

Winthorpe Dyuklarning maoshi bo'yicha odam Klarens Beeks tomonidan o'g'ri, giyohvand moddalar savdosi va filandri sifatida tasvirlangan. Uinthorp Dyuk va Dyukdan ishdan bo'shatilgan, uning bankdagi hisob raqamlari muzlatilgan, Dyukga tegishli uyiga kirish huquqi berilmagan va Penelopa va uning do'stlari uni yomonlashgan. U oqlanganidan keyin moliyaviy mukofot evaziga unga yordam beradigan fohisha Ofeliya bilan do'stlashadi. Dyuklar Valentin uchun garov puli to'laydilar, uni Uinthorpning sobiq ish joyiga o'rnatadilar va unga Uinthorpning uyidan foydalanish huquqini beradilar. Valentin biznesni yaxshi biladi, muvaffaqiyatga erishish uchun o'zining ko'cha aqllaridan foydalanadi va odob-axloq bilan ish ko'rishni boshlaydi.

Rojdestvo bayramida Winthorpe Valentin stoliga giyohvand moddalar sepib, uni ramkalashga urinib ko'rdi va qochish uchun miltiq kiydi. Keyinchalik, gersoglar o'zlarining tajribalarini muhokama qilishadi va 1 dollar evaziga pul tikishadi. Ular Valentinni ko'chaga qaytarishni rejalashtirmoqdalar, ammo Uinthorpni qaytarib olish niyati yo'q. Valentin suhbatni eshitib, tabletkalarni haddan tashqari oshirib yuborib, o'z joniga qasd qilishga harakat qilgan Uinthorpni qidiradi. Valentin, Ofeliya va Uinthorpning butleri Koulman uni sog'lig'iga qaytarib, unga tajriba to'g'risida xabar berishdi. Televizion yangiliklar translyatsiyasini tomosha qilib, ular Beeksning sirni tashiyotganligini bilib olishadi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Qishloq xo'jaligi vazirligi (USDA) apelsin ekinlari prognozlari to'g'risida hisobot. Uinthorp va Valentin gersoglar tomonidan Beksga qilingan katta to'lovlarni eslashadi. Ular gersoglar hisobotni erta olishlarini tushunadilar bozorni burish muzlatilgan konsentrlangan apelsin sharbatida.

Yangi yil arafasida to'rtta Beeks poyezdi, apelsin ekinlarining past rentabellikga ega bo'lishini taxmin qiladigan qalbakilashtirish bilan asl hisobotni o'zgartirmoqchi. Beek ularning rejasini ochib beradi va ularni o'ldirishga urinib ko'radi, lekin gorilla poezdga olib ketilayotganida hushidan ketib qoladi. To'rt kishi Beeklarni gorilla kostyumi bilan yashirishadi va uni haqiqiy gorilla bilan qafas qilishadi. Guruh soxta hisobotni Beklarning o'rniga Dyuklarga etkazadi. Ophelia bilan o'pishdan baham ko'rgandan so'ng, Winthorpe tomon boradi Nyu-York shahri o'zlarining rejalarini amalga oshirish uchun Valentin bilan birga Coleman va Ofeliyaning hayotiy mablag'larini olib yurishadi.

Tovarlar to'g'risida savdo maydonchasi, Dyuklar muzlatilgan konsentrlangan apelsin sharbatini sotib olish majburiyatini oladilar fyuchers shartnomalari - kelajakda biror narsa sotib olish to'g'risidagi qonuniy kelishuv. Boshqa savdogarlar narxni oshirib, ularning ko'rsatmalariga amal qilishadi. Valentin va Uinthorp qisqa sotish ularning muzlatilgan konsentrlangan apelsin sharbati fyucherslari oshgan narxda. Haqiqiy hosil haqida hisobot efirga uzatilgandan va normal hosilni bashorat qilganidan so'ng, apelsin sharbati fyucherslari narxi keskin pasayib ketdi. Valentin va Uinthorp fyucherslarni gersoglardan tashqari har kimdan arzonroq narxda sotib olishadi, bu esa ancha oldinroq sotgan shartnomalarini bajarish uchun katta foyda keltiradi. Yakunlovchi qo'ng'iroqdan so'ng, Valentin va Uinthorp Dyuklarga boyish va bir vaqtning o'zida knyazlarni kambag'al qilish mumkinligi to'g'risida bahs yuritganliklarini tushuntirishdi va Valentin Vinthorpdan 1 dollar yig'adi. Ayirboshlash menejeri va uning yordamchilari gersoglar bilan hisob-kitob qilish uchun murojaat qilishadi chekka qo'ng'iroq. Dyuklar aniq ko'rsatganda, ular 394 dollarga ega emaslar million (2019 yilda 1,01 milliard dollarga teng), menejer Dyuklarning almashinadigan o'rindiqlarini sotishni va ularning korporativ va shaxsiy aktivlarini musodara qilishni buyuradi. bankrotlik ularni. Randolph ko'kragini ushlagan holda yiqilib tushadi va Mortimer boshqalarga baqiradi, ziyonlarini qoplash uchun behuda iltimos bilan polni qayta ochishni talab qiladi. Hozir boy Valentin, Uinthorp, Ofeliya va Koulman tropik plyajda ta'tilga chiqishmoqda, Beeks va gorilla esa Afrika tomon yo'l olgan kemaga yuklangan.

Cast

Ralf Bellami 1971 yilda (chapda) va Don Ameche 1964 yilda. Ular Dyuk aka-uka Randolf va Mortimerni o'z navbatida tasvirlashdi.
  • Dan Aykroyd Louis Winthorpe III sifatida: Dyuk va Dyukning boy tovar direktori.[1]
  • Eddi Merfi Billi Rey Valentin singari: Ko'chada tilanchi va odam.[2]
  • Ralf Bellami Randolph Dyuk sifatida: Dyuk va Dyukning ochko'z egasi, uning ukasi Mortimer bilan birga.[1]
  • Don Ameche Mortimer Dyuk sifatida: Randolfning bir xil ochko'z ukasi.[1]
  • Denxolm Elliott Coleman sifatida: Winthorpe ning Butler.[3]
  • Jeymi Li Kertis Ophelia sifatida: Winthorpega yordam beradigan fohisha.[2]
  • Kristin Xolbi Penelopa Uiterspun singari: Dyukning nabirasi va Uinthorpning kelini.[4]
  • Pol Glison Klarens Beeks singari: Dyuklar uchun yashirin ishlaydigan xavfsizlik bo'yicha mutaxassis.[5]

Shuningdek, asosiy aktyorlar, Savdo joylari Xususiyatlari Robert Kertis-Braun Pintop uchun Uinthorpning romantik raqibi Todd sifatida; Alfred Dreyk Qimmatli qog'ozlar birjasi menejeri sifatida;[6] va Jim Belushi Harvi sifatida, Yangi yil arafasida ziyofatga tashrif buyurgan kishi.[3] Filmda ko'plab qo'shiqlar, jumladan qo'shiqchi bor Bo Diddli garov vositasi sifatida;[7] Kertisning singlisi Kelly Kurtis Penelopaning do'sti Muffi sifatida; kuklalar qo'g'irchoqlar Frank Oz va Richard Xant tegishli ravishda politsiya xodimi va Dyukning savdo maydonchasidagi vositachisi sifatida; va Aykroydning avvalgisi Saturday Night Live hamkasblar, Tom Devis va Al Franken, poezd yuklarini tashuvchilar sifatida.[3]

Boshqa kichik rollarga kiradi Ron Teylor "Katta qora yigit" sifatida, amerikalik futbolchi J. T. Tyorner faqat "Ha!" deb aytadigan "Hatto kattaroq qora yigit" sifatida,[8] va Giancarlo Esposito uydoshi sifatida.[6] Savdo joylari shuningdek, yakuniy teatrlashtirilgan namoyishini namoyish etadi Avon Long Dyukning butsasi Ezrani o'ynaydigan kishi.[9] Gorilla mim Don McLeod tomonidan tasvirlangan.[10][11]

Ishlab chiqarish

Yozish va rivojlantirish

1980-yillarning boshlarida yozuvchi Timoti Xarris tez-tez raqobatdosh raqobat va pul tikish bilan shug'ullanadigan ikki badavlat, ammo tejamkor birodarlarga qarshi tennis o'ynagan. Bir mashg'ulotdan so'ng, Xarris juftlik mojarosidan g'azablanib uyiga qaytdi va ular "dahshatli" odamlar ekan degan xulosaga keldi. Vaziyat unga inson qobiliyati nuqtai nazaridan tabiatga g'amxo'rlik qilgan ikki aka-uka g'oyasini berdi. Xarris bu fikrni yozuvchi sherigi bilan o'rtoqlashdi Herschel Weingrod, bu kontseptsiya kimga yoqdi. Xarris shuningdek, voqea uchun o'zining hayotiy holatidan ilhom oldi; u yaqin atrofda vayron bo'lgan joyda yashagan Fairfax xiyoboni yilda Los Anjeles. U hududni qo'pol so'zlar bilan jinoyatchilikka yo'liqqan deb ta'riflagan, bu erda har kim o'zlariga qurol ko'rsatgan yoki zo'rlangan.[2]

Xarris va Vaynrod ssenariy uchun tovar bozorini o'rganishdi.[2] Ular moliyaviy bozordagi hodisalarni, shu jumladan Rossiyaning bug'doy bozorini egallashga urinishlari va Hunt aka-ukalarining kumush bozorini burchak sifatida tanib olish harakatlarini bilib oldilar. Kumush payshanba. Ular apelsin sharbati va cho'chqa go'shti bilan savdo qilish yanada kulgili bo'ladi, deb o'ylashdi, chunki jamoat bunday dunyoviy narsalar savdosidan bexabar.[12] Xarris tovar biznesidagi odamlar bilan maslahatlashib, filmning qanday yakunlanishini tushunib yetdi savdo maydonchasi ishlaydi. Bu juftlik tovar bozori film uchun qiziqarli muhit yaratishini aniqladilar, agar bu moliyaviy bozorning o'zi haqida ketmasa. Ularga tinglovchilarni jalb qilish uchun biron bir narsa kerak edi. Ushbu voqeani Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlarining tashkil topishi, Amerika orzusi va idealizmi va baxtga intilish bilan bog'liqligi sababli Filadelfiyada yozishga qaror qilindi. Bu Billi Valentinni ko'chada tilanchilik qilayotgan qora tanli odam sifatida tanishtirish bilan tinchlandi.[2] Juftlik Uinthorp va Valentinning moliyaviy g'alabasi usuli chalkash bo'lishi mumkinligini bilar edi, ammo tomoshabinlar tafsilotlarga ahamiyat bermaslik uchun qahramonlarning muvaffaqiyatiga sarmoya kiritadilar deb umid qilishdi.[12]

Stsenariy sotildi Paramount rasmlari sarlavha ostida Qora va oq. Keyin-Paramount ijrochi direktori Jeffri Katzenberg loyihani rejissyorga taklif qildi Jon Landis. Landis ish nomini yoqtirmadi,[2] ammo ssenariyni eskisi bilan taqqoslagan vintbolli komediyalar kabi rejissyorlar tomonidan 30-yillarning Frank Kapra, Leo Makkari va Preston Sturges, ko'pincha o'z davrining madaniy masalalarini aks ettiruvchi ijtimoiy tuzilmalar va ijtimoiy sinflarni satira qilgan. Landis 1980-yillarda o'z filmida ushbu tushunchalarni aks ettirishini xohlagan;[2][13][14] uning so'zlariga ko'ra, asosiy yangilanishlar - qasam ichish va yalang'ochlik.[13] Landis, qanday qilib buni tushunish uchun biroz vaqt talab qilganini tan oldi Savdo joylari' final ishladi.[2]

Kasting

Dan Aykroydning boshi
Dan Aykroyd 2009 yilda tasvirlangan. Paramount rasmlari Aykroydning muvaffaqiyatini marhum bilan sheriklik bilan bog'lab qo'yganini ko'rdi Jon Belushi va studiya uni tashlamoqchi emas, balki rejissyor bilan avvalgi ishi Jon Landis unga rolni ta'minlashda yordam berdi

Savdo joylari komediya duetini tashkillashtirish niyatida ishlab chiqilgan Richard Prayor va Gen Uaylder Billi Rey Valentin va Lui Vinthorp III kabi.[2][13] Komediya filmining muvaffaqiyati ortidan ushbu juftlikka talab katta bo'lgan Aqlni aralashtiring (1980).[3] O'ziga o't qo'ygandan keyin Pryor jiddiy jarohat olganida erkin asos kokain, boshqasini tashlashga qaror qilindi.[2][15] Paramount Pictures kompaniyasi Eddi Merfini taklif qildi.[2] Dastlab studiya Murfining birinchi filmidagi, o'sha paytlarda namoyish etilmagan aksion-komediyadagi o'yinidan norozi edi. 48 soat (1983) - Pryor loyihasi sifatida ham yaratilgan film.[16] Biroq, ushbu film sinovdan o'tgan tomoshabinlar tomonidan yaxshi qabul qilindi va studiyani o'z fikrini o'zgartirishga olib keldi.[2][13] Landis ijrochi sifatida shuhrat qozongan Merfi haqida bilmas edi Saturday Night Live. Merfining tinglash lentalarini tomosha qilgandan so'ng, Landis u bilan uchrashish uchun Nyu-York shahriga borishga juda qoyil qoldi.[2] Merfi ushbu roli uchun unga 350 ming dollar to'langanligini aytdi; bu ko'rsatkich 1 dollargacha bo'lganligi haqida xabar berilgan edi million.[17][18]

Landis Den Aykroydning Merfining sherigi bo'lib xizmat qilishini xohlagan. U ilgari Aykroyd bilan musiqiy komediya filmida ishlagan Aka-uka Blues (1980); tajriba ijobiy edi. Landis "u [Uinthorp] ni bemalol o'ynashi mumkin edi ... sen unga nimani xohlayotganingni ayt, u esa etkazib beradi. Va men u ajoyib bo'ladi deb o'yladim" dedi. Paramount Pictures Aykroydga unchalik yoqmadi; menejerlar, u ishlaganidek, duetning bir qismi sifatida yaxshiroq ishlaganiga ishonishdi Jon Belushi. Ular Aykroyd yolg'iz ishlashga o'xshash bo'lishini his qilishdi Bud Abbott, yarmi Abbot va Kostello, holda ishlash Lou Kostello va Aykroydning so'nggi filmlari kassada yomon natijalarga erishdi. Aykroyd roli uchun maoshni kamaytirishga rozi bo'ldi.[2]

Shuningdek, studiya Jeymi Li Kertisning kasting o'tkazilishiga qarshi chiqdi. O'sha paytda u "qichqiriq malikasi ", birinchi navbatda sifatsizligi bilan bog'liq B filmlar. Landis ilgari Kurtis bilan dahshatli hujjatli filmda ishlagan Tez kunda, u uchun mezbon bo'lib xizmat qilgan. U dahshatli filmlardan uzoqlashmoqchi edi, chunki assotsiatsiya uning kelajakdagi martaba istiqbollarini cheklashini bilar edi. U dahshatli filmdagi rolidan voz kechgan edi Psixo II (1983) shu sababli. Onasi, Janet Ley, mashhur rol o'ynagan Psixologiya (1960).[2] Kertis yaqinda slasher filmida qatnashgan edi Halloween II (1981) rejissyorga yaxshilik sifatida John Carpenter va prodyuser Debra tepaligi; unga 1 dollar to'lashdi bu rol uchun million, lekin uchun atigi 70 000 dollar olgan Savdo joylari.[2] U fohishalik rolini o'rganganmisiz, degan savolga Kurtis hazil bilan javob qaytardi: "Men chiqib ketganimni aytishni istardim va bir-ikkita fokusni aylantirdi 42-ko'chada, lekin men bunday qilmadim. "[19] Kertisni tashlash paytida uzun sochlari bor edi; kostyumlar bo'yicha dizayner Debora Nadoolman Landis film uchun sochlarini qisqartirishni taklif qildi.[13]

Achchiq Dyuk birodarlar uchun, Ralf Bellami Randolf uchun birinchi tanlov edi.[3] Mortimer uchun Landis 1930-1940 yillarda taniqli, yovuz odamning rolini ijro etish bilan bog'liq bo'lmagan aktyorni suratga olmoqchi edi. Uning birinchi tanlovi shu edi Rey Milland, ammo aktyor filmni suratga olish paytida sug'urta huquqiga ega bo'lish uchun jismoniy testdan o'tolmadi. Filmni suratga olish boshlanish vaqti yaqinlashganda, Landis Don Ameche haqida o'ylardi. Kasting direktori Ameche o'lgan deb da'vo qildi.[13] Landis bunga shubha bilan qaragan va telefon bilan bog'langan Ekran aktyorlari gildiyasi uni topish uchun. Ular Ameche va uning agenti yo'qligini tasdiqladilar royalti to'lovlari Arizonadagi o'g'liga yuborilgan edi. Landis buni Ameche vafot etganining isboti sifatida qabul qildi. Biroq, Landisning qidiruvini eshitgandan so'ng, Paramount studiyasining kotiblaridan biri Ameche-ni doimiy ravishda ko'rganliklarini aytib o'tdi. San-Visente bulvari yilda Santa-Monika, Kaliforniya. Landis qo‘ng‘iroq qildi katalog yordami hududda "D. Ameche" ni topish va aloqa o'rnatish.[2] Ameche o'n yildan ortiq vaqt davomida filmda suratga tushmagan edi; sababini so'raganda, u hech kim unga kino ishini taklif qilmaganligini aytdi.[2][20] Studiya Amechega Millandga nima taklif qilgan bo'lsa, to'lashni istamadi; Ameche moliyaviy jihatdan mustaqil bo'lganligi va ishlashga muhtoj bo'lmaganligi sababli, u teng maosh olguncha qismga kirishdan bosh tortgan.[21][22] Landisning ta'kidlashicha, studiya uzoq vaqt film ishidan bo'shatilgandan so'ng Amecening kastingidan norozi bo'lib, filmning byudjetini qisqartirgan.[13]

Jon Gielgud va Ronni Barker Winthorpe ning Butler Coleman roli uchun ko'rib chiqildi. Barker agar bu Buyuk Britaniyadagi uyidan 11 mil uzoqlikda suratga olish bilan bog'liq bo'lsa, aktyorlikni rad etdi.[3][13] G. Gordon Lidi, markaziy raqam Votergeyt siyosiy mojarosi 70-yillarning boshlarida, poraxo'r rasmiy Klarens Beeksning roli taklif qilindi. Liddy, Beeks gorilaning romantik sherigiga aylanishini bilmaguncha, bu taklifga qiziqdi. Pol Glison bu rolni ijro etdi; uning xarakteri Liddi avtobiografiyasining nusxasini o'qiydi Iroda poezdda ketayotganda.[3] Don McLeod gorilla tasvirini; u allaqachon gorilla singari chiqishlari bilan mashhur bo'lib ketgan edi Amerikalik sayyoh reklama roliklari, bu filmlarning paydo bo'lishiga olib keldi.[10][11]

Suratga olish

Filadelfiyadagi Kurtis nomidagi musiqa institutining old va o'ng tomonlarini aks ettiruvchi burchakli fotosurati
The Kurtis nomidagi musiqa instituti Bino Winthorpe va Valentine birinchi marta uchrashadigan Heritage Club-ning tashqi qismi sifatida ishlatilgan.

Asosiy fotosurat dekabrda boshlandi 13, 1982.[4][23] Byudjet 15 dollar deb taxmin qilingan million.[24] Filmni suratga olish Filadelfiya, Pensilvaniya va Nyu-York shaharlarida bo'lib o'tdi.[2][4] Robert Paynter va Malkolm Kempbell mos ravishda filmning operatori va muharriri sifatida ishladilar.[25][26]

Filmni suratga olish jarayonida ssenariyda kichik o'zgarishlar yuz berdi; ba'zi bir improvizatsiya ham rag'batlantirildi. O'zgarishlar odatda oldindan muhokama qilinardi, ammo boshqa holatlarda, so'zma-so'z muloqotlar ushlab turish uchun etarlicha kulgili hisoblanadi. Filmda saqlanib qolgan ad-liblarga Valentinni Randolfni taqqoslash kiradi Rendi Jekson ning Jekson 5 va qamoqxonada o'zining "qoni" usulini namoyish qildi.[14][23] Merfi yoqdi Savdo joylari' skript; u bunga o'xshamasligini his qildi 48 soat, u direktor tomonidan saqlanib qolganini aytdi Valter tepaligi. Shunday bo'lsa-da, u qora tanli odam uchun yozadigan oq tanli yozuvchi "jive kurka" va "so'rg'ich" singari stereotipik dialogdan foydalanadi va u o'z satrlarini chinakam ovozda yozishi mumkinligini aytgani uchun o'zining ko'p satrlarini o'zgartirdi.[23] Veydrodning aytishicha, studiya Merfining chizig'iga qarshi chiqdi: «Kim ularni qo'ydi Kools Mening fors gilamchamdan chiqib ketdingizmi? "Ular buni irqchilik deb hisoblashdi, chunki Kool sigareta markasi asosan afroamerikaliklarga qaratilgan edi; Merfi bu chiziqni tikladi.[27] Beekni aldash uchun o'zini Evropada almashinuvchi talaba sifatida ko'rsatgan Ofeliya ham uydirma qilingan; Kertis nemischa aksanni bajara olmagani uchun nemis kiyimlarini shvedcha aksent bilan aralashtirib ishlatgan.[3]

Dastlabki o'n besh kunlik filmlar Filadelfiyada o'tkazildi.[4] Landis ob-havoni sovuq deb ta'riflagan. Randolf va Mortimerlar Valentinni qamoqxonadan yig'ishayotgan joyni suratga olayotganda, Landis sudragichni tortib olgan yuk mashinasiga joylashtirilgan. Rolls-Roys Ameche, Bellamy va Murfini ko'tarib yurish. Landis qalin kiygan park iliq qolish uchun, va aktyorlar bor edi isitgich ularning transport vositasida; Landis ularning muloqotlarini radio orqali tingladi. Voqeani tasvirga olish jarayonida Landis Ameche, Bellamy va Murphy o'rtasidagi quvnoq munozarani esladi: Bellami shunday dedi Savdo joylari uning 99-filmi edi; Ameche bu uning 100-chi ekanligini aytdi. Merfi Landisga "uchalamiz o'rtasida 201 ta film suratga olganmiz!"[13] Filadelfiyadagi suratga olish joylari shahar uylarini o'z ichiga olgan Center City Winthorpe uyining tashqi ko'rinishi bo'lib xizmat qilgan va Filadelfiya zarbxonasi (hozir Filadelfiya jamoat kolleji ) politsiya uchastkasining tashqi ko'rinishi bo'lib xizmat qilgan.[4][28] Ning tashqi va lobbi Wells Fargo Building Dyuk va Dyukning tashqi ko'rinishi va qabulxonasi sifatida xizmat qiladi.[2][29]

Sent-Kroikdagi ochiq ko'k okean, qumli plyaj va yashil daraxtlarni ko'rsatadigan plyajning havodan ko'rinishi
Uinthorp, Valentin, Ofeliya va Koulman yutuqlari bilan tropik plyajda nafaqaga chiqadilar. Voqea joy joylashgan joyda otib tashlangan Sent-Kroy ichida AQSh Virjiniya orollari.

Dyuk va Dyukning yuqori qavatdagi idoralari yuqori qavatda tasvirga olingan Ettinchi polk qurol-yarog 'ombori Nyu-Yorkda.[2] Rittenxaus maydonida o'zini nogiron qilib ko'rsatadigan Merfi xarakteri namoyish etiladi. Yaqin atrofdagi "Kertis" musiqa instituti, "Heritage Club" ning tashqi ko'rinishi sifatida namoyish etilgan, filmning ochilishida.[4][30][31] The Kurtis nomidagi musiqa instituti "Heritage Club" ning tashqi qiyofasi, filmning ochilishida Rittenhouse Parkga tutashgan.[30][31] Ichki makon o'sha paytda tark qilingan Nyu-Yorkda suratga olingan Savdo-sanoat palatasi binosi.[2][32] Mustaqillik zali shuningdek, xususiyatli.[30] Filadelfiyadagi suratga olish paytida Murfi shu qadar mashhur ediki, uning yonida politsiyachi turishi kerak edi treyler olomonni boshqarish uchun.[33]

Filmni suratga olish 1983 yil yanvar oyida Nyu-Yorkka ko'chib o'tdi; ko'plab ichki sahnalar u erda suratga olingan.[2][4] Yanvar oyi oxirida Nyu-York Oliy sudi binosining 12-qavatida joylashgan 100-da joylashgan ikkita kameralar Markaz ko'chasi suratga olish uchun qabul qilingan. Odatda politsiya ma'muriyati binolaridagi bo'sh blokirovkalar ishlatilishi mumkin edi, ammo shaharda filmlar suratga olish ishlari olib borilgan moliyaviy sarmoyalar tufayli meriya Landisning talabini qondirishga rozi bo'ldi; har qanday xarajatlarni studiya to'lagan. The New York Times yillar davomida Tuzatish ishlari bo'limi mahbuslarni sud va sud jarayonlari uchun o'z vaqtida etkazib berolmagan. Shunga qaramay, ular 9 ga qadar 300 ga yaqin mahbusni 12-qavat orqali ko'chirishdi filmni suratga olish kuni.[34]

Valentin va Uinthorp Dyuklarga qarshi rejalarini amalga oshiradigan sahna COMEX ichida joylashgan tovar birjasi 4 Jahon savdo markazi. Derazalarning etishmasligi zaminning pastki qismida joylashgan ko'rinishga ega edi, lekin u aslida baland qavatda edi. Ushbu voqea joyida bo'lib o'tishi uchun stsenariy yozilgan Chikago savdo birjasi, lekin film ijodkorlari u erda film suratga olish uchun ruxsat ololmadilar.[2] Voqea joyi kuniga taxminan 3-4 soat davomida ikki kun davomida otib tashlandi.[2] Bu ish kunida bo'lib o'tishi kerak edi, lekin Aykroyd va Merfining polda bo'lishi faol savdogarlarni chalg'itdi va 6 dollardan oshdi. milliardlik savdoni to'xtatish kerak edi; filmni suratga olish hafta oxiri uchun o'zgartirildi.[4] Ekrandagi odamlarning aksariyati ba'zi qo'shimchalar bilan birga haqiqiy savdogarlardir. Landisning aytishicha, filmdagi treyderlar bir-biriga nisbatan jismoniy jihatdan qo'polroq bo'lib, odatdagi savdo-sotiq paytida bo'lgan.[2][4] Landis shuningdek, bir nechtasini ijro etdi partizan plyonkalari qo'shimcha kadrlar uchun.[2] Ameche qo'pol so'zlarni ishlatishga qarshi edi va tez-tez ssenariysi uchun ekipaj a'zolaridan oldindan kechirim so'radi; u faqat o'zining so'nggi sahnasini bitta bajarishni amalga oshirdi, u erda Randolfga "uni sik" deb baqirdi.[3] Oxirgi sahna tasviri plyajda nishonlayotgan asosiy belgilar edi; bu suratga olingan Avliyo Kroy orol AQSh Virjiniya orollari.[4][35] Asosiy fotosurat mart oyida yakunlandi 1 kundan 1983 yil, 78 kundan keyin.[4]

Musiqa

Elmer Bernshteyn uchun hisobni tuzdi Savdo joylari.[36] U va Landis ilgari bir nechta filmlarda, shu jumladan, hamkorlik qilgan Aka-uka Blues va dahshatli komediya Londondagi amerikalik bo'ri (1981).[37] Landis foydalanish g'oyasini o'ylab topdi opera-buffa Figaroning nikohi tomonidan Volfgang Amadeus Motsart bal uchun asosiy mavzu sifatida. U avvalgi filmlarida yuqori sinflarni namoyish etish uchun klassik musiqadan foydalangan va bu moliya sanoatining dabdabali elitalariga mos kelishini his qilgan.[38][39] Figaroning nikohi boy ish beruvchisi graf Almaviva tomonidan haqsizlikka uchragan va grafning o'z hiyla-nayranglarini ochib, uning qasosini olgan xizmatkorning hikoyasiga tegishli.[40]

Bernshteyn o'zi yaratgan kelishuvlar har bir sahnaning turli xil hissiyotlarini aks ettirish uchun musiqa.[38][40] The uvertura ning Figaroning nikohi filmning ochilishida o'ynaydi.[36] Balda shuningdek tartiblari mavjud Pomp va vaziyat marshlari tomonidan Edvard Elgar va Motsartning 41-sonli simfoniya.[36][38] Savdo joylari qo'shiqlari, jumladan: "Funk qilmoqchimisiz? "tomonidan Silvestr va Patrik Kouli, "Jingle Bell Rok "tomonidan Brenda Li, "Loco-Motion "tomonidan Kichkina Eva va "Ishga kiring "tomonidan Siluetlar.[4]

Chiqarish

Shuningdek qarang: 1983 yilda filmda

1983 yilning yozida (iyun-sentyabr) o'tgan yilgi rekord - 1,4 dollardan oshib ketishi taxmin qilingan edi milliard teatr chiptalari sotilgan. Mavsum kutilgan hitlarni namoyish etdi, masalan, uchinchi qism Yulduzlar jangi seriya, Jedining qaytishi, Supermen III va eng so'nggi Jeyms Bond film Sakkizoyoq. 16 hafta davomida 40 dan ortiq filmlar namoyishi rejalashtirilgan edi. Studiyalar o'zlarining filmlariga yaxshi ta'sir ko'rsatadigan raqobatga qarshi qo'yib, ularga ziyon etkazmaslik uchun o'zlarining chiqishlarini strategiyalashtirishlari kerak edi.[41] Paramount Studios chiqarishni tanladi Savdo joylari' yozning boshida, chunki yaxshi ishlashi kutilgan filmlar ushbu gavjum davrda teatrlarda uzoqroq bo'lishdan foyda ko'radi. Komediya filmlari asosan ilmiy fantastika va super qahramonlarga qaratilgan asosiy filmlarni ko'rgan yoki qiziqtirmagan tomoshabinlarni jalb qilgan qarshi dastur sifatida qabul qilindi. Savdo joylari o'rtasida chiqarildi Jedining qaytishi may oyida va Supermen III iyun o'rtalarida. Keyingi filmlar o'rnatilgan auditoriyaning afzalliklariga ega bo'lishi kutilayotganda, Savdo joylari aktyorlar tarkibiga ko'ra muvaffaqiyatli bo'lishini taxmin qilishgan.[41]

Teatr kassasi

Shimoliy Amerikada, Savdo joylari 1983 yil 8-iyun, chorshanba kuni 1375 teatr bo'ylab keng spektakl oldi.[42][43] Film 1,7 dollar ishlab topdi million dollar, uning ochilish haftasi oxirida yana 7,3 dollar ishlab topganida million - har bir teatr uchun o'rtacha 5344 dollar. Savdo joylari orqasida hafta oxiri uchinchi raqamli film sifatida yakunlandi Sakkizoyoq ($8.9 million), shuningdek, o'sha hafta oxirida debyut qildi va Jedining qaytishi ($12 million), bu uchinchi haftada chiqarilgan edi.[44] Film o'zining ikkinchi dam olish kunida yana 7 dollarlik daromad bilan uchinchi raqamni saqlab qoldi million, ortda Jedining qaytishi ($11.2 million) va debyut Supermen III ($13.3 million).[45] Uchinchi dam olish kunida u 5,5 dollar bilan beshinchi o'ringa tushib ketdi million, debyut ilmiy-fantastik dahshat ortida Alacakaranlık zonasi: Film ($6.6 million) va jinsiy komediya Porkiyning II: Keyingi kun ($7 million), Supermen III ($9 million), va Jedining qaytishi ($11.1 million).[46]

Film hech qachon birinchi kassa reytingiga da'vogarlik qilmagan bo'lsa-da, o'n yetti hafta davomida eng ko'p daromad keltirgan o'nta film qatoriga kirdi.[47] Sentyabr oyiga qadar bu film 80,6 dollar bilan yilning eng ko'p daromad ko'rgan to'rtinchi filmi bo'ldi million.[48] Uning teatr tomoshasi oxirida, Savdo joylari taxminiy kassadan 90,4 dollar daromad oldi million.[43] Sifatida tugadi 1983 yilda eng ko'p daromad keltirgan to'rtinchi film, Paramount Studio-ning ajablantiradigan hitlari, romantik dramasi ortida Flashdance ($90.46 million), komediya-drama Tavsiya qilish shartlari ($108.4 million), va Jedining qaytishi ($309.2 million).[48][49] Soha mutaxassislari tomonidan olib borilgan hisob-kitoblarga ko'ra 1997 yilga kelib kassa studiyaga qaytadi Teatrlarning minus ulushi - 40,6 dollarni tashkil etdi million.[50] Shimoliy Amerikadan tashqarida filmning namoyishi uchun raqamlar mavjud emas.[43][51]

Qabul qilish

Tanqidiy javob

Jeymi Li Kertisning yuqori tanasi va yuzini ko'rsatadigan tasvir
Jeymi Li Kertis 2018 yilda tasvirlangan. U tanqidiy kutib olingan yutuqlaridan oldin u faqat dahshatli film yulduzi sifatida ishdan bo'shatilgan Savdo joylari.

Savdo joylari tanqidchilar tomonidan umuman ijobiy baholashlar oldi.[2] Sharhlovchilar buni 1930 va 1940 yillardagi kabi ijtimoiy ongli komediyalar bilan taqqosladilar Mening odamim Godfrey (1936), Oson yashash (1937), Iyul oyida Rojdestvo (1940) va Sallivanning sayohatlari (1941) Preston Sturges, Frenk Kapra kabi rejissyorlar va Gregori La Kava.[42][52][53][54] Janet Maslin "yoqimli" film vidbol komediya janriga qarzdorligini aytdi. U davom etdi: "Preston Sturges shunga o'xshash filmni yaratgan bo'lishi mumkin Savdo joylari - agar u ilhomni ozgina kamaytirsa va juda ko'p pulga ega bo'lsa. "[42] Gari Arnoldning aytishicha, filmni o'sha eski filmlar bilan taqqoslash juda mos emas.[54] Vinsent Kanbi Vintbol uslubi 1980-yillarning "ekzistensial hipnessi" uchun yangilanganini aytdi, ammo filmda axloq haqidagi ertak yo'q edi, ko'pincha janr pul muhim emasligini ta'kidlaydi. Buning o'rniga, belgilar moliyaviy tizimning buzilishini demontaj qilmaydi yoki fosh etmaydi, shunchaki Dyuklardan qasos olishadi, bu jarayonda juda katta boylik olishadi. Shunga qaramay, u filmni uzoq vaqt davomida chiqarilgan eng yaxshi amerikalik komediyalardan biri deb xulosa qildi.[52] Maslin, film o'zining satirik tizimiga va uning muvaffaqiyatsizligiga tanqidiy nuqtai nazar bilan qarash uchun boy bo'lgan boy muassasalar bilan juda yoqib qolganiga rozi bo'ldi. U buni Amerika orzusi film shaklida.[42]

Deyv Kehr film vidbol komediyalariga hurmat ko'rsatgan bo'lsa-da, "eng ashaddiy tomoshabinni quvontiradigan daqiqalar" dan boshqa barcha tushunchalarni echib tashladi va janrning axloqiy ziddiyatlarini o'rganishdan qochdi.[55] Yilda Turli xillik's sharh, sharhlovchi filmning o'rta qismida hazil etishmaydi degan xulosaga keldi.[25] Odamlar tugatish mukammal tarzda taqdim etilganini aytdi, ammo Arnold buni chalkash va tomoshabinlarning "qahramonlar" o'zlarining harakatlarida aniqlik etishmasligini qoplash uchun qahramonlik qilishayotganiga oid bilimlariga tayanib deb hisobladi.[54][56] Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, hatto fars film sifatida ham voqealar juda ishonib bo'lmaydigan edi.[54] Rojer Ebert "oxir-oqibat" maniks quvg'in "ni jalb qilmaslik uchun ixtiro qilingan" dedi.[53] U buni qadrladi Savdo joylari Uinthorp va Valentinning ijtimoiy mavqeini almashtirish uchun aniq irqiy uchastkalarga tayanmagan yoki sitcom troplarini ishlatmagan. U har bir personajni individual g'ayrioddiyligi va shaxsiyati tufayli kulgili bo'lishi uchun rivojlantirishga qaratilgan e'tiborni maqtadi. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, buning uchun odatda komediya uchun ishlab chiqilgandan ko'ra chuqurroq ssenariy kerak.[53]

Aktyorlar tarkibi umuman olqishlandi.[25][42][53] Maslin uni g'alati, ammo bir nechta Gollivud avlodlarini aks ettiruvchi yaxshi film deb atadi.[42] Ebert, stereotipik belgilar bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan narsalar aktyorlar va yozuvchi tomonidan ko'tarilganligini aytdi va Merfi va Aykroyd "mukammal" jamoani yaratdilar.[53] Kenbining aytishicha, Merfi nega so'nggi o'n yil ichida eng muvaffaqiyatli komediyachi bo'lganligini namoyish etdi.[52] Bir nechta sharhlovchilar uning rolini shu bilan taqqosladilar 48 soat;[57][54] Arnold shunday dedi Savdo joylari Merfining yutuqlari tasodif emasligi va Merfining "quvnoq kulgili avtoritet" ni namoyish etganiga dalil bo'ldi.[54] Canby shunday dedi Savdo joylari Merfiga "mayin, nafis, g'azablangan" spektaklda o'zining qobiliyat doirasini namoyish etish imkoniyatini berdi.[52]

Sharhlovchilar filmda Aykroydning bugungi kungacha bo'lgan eng yaxshi spektakli namoyish etilganiga rozi bo'lishdi.[52][54] Odamlar agar tomoshabinlar muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchraganidan keyin Aykroyddan voz kechgan bo'lsa Qo'shnilar (1981) va Doktor Detroyt (1983), tomonidan martaba qayta tiklandi Savdo joylari.[56] Kenbining aytishicha, Aykroyd avvalgi rollariga qaraganda ancha izchil ijro etgan. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, Aykroyd o'zining muvaffaqiyati Jon Belushi bilan hamkorlikka bog'liq emasligini namoyish qildi.[52] Arnold Aykroyd boshqa yulduz bilan markaziy rol o'ynaganida eng yaxshi ishlaganini aytdi.[54] Rita Kempleyning aytishicha, Merfi bilan bo'lgan munosabati Belushi bilan bo'lgan munosabatlaridek yoqimli edi.[57]

Turli xillik Bellamy, Ameche, Elliott va Curtis-dagi ikkinchi darajali aktyorlar film uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligini ta'kidladilar.[25] Sharhlovchilarning ta'kidlashicha, Kertis ushbu rolga mohirona kulgili qobiliyatni olib kelgan.[52][54] Arnold bu rolni "eskirgan" va "bashorat qilinadigan" deb atagan, ammo Kurtisning "yuqumli" hazilni taklif qilgani, tinglovchilarning qo'llab-quvvatlashiga sabab bo'lganini his qilgan.[54] Odamlar u o'zining jiddiy murojaatiga ega ekanligini aytdi va Kemplei uni "egri" va "jonli" deb atadi.[57][56] Kenbining aytishicha, o'zining birinchi dahshatli bo'lmagan rolida Kurtis "ajoyib hazil" bilan ijro etgan.[52] Kehr Landisni tez-tez o'z qahramonlarini "busty quyonlarga" aylantirayotgani uchun tanqid qildi va Kurtisga xuddi shunday munosabatda bo'lganini aytdi.[55] Ebert Bellamy va Ameche kastingini "masterstrok" deb atadi.[53] Kenbining aytishicha, juftlikda yaxshi yozilgan rollar bor va ular o'zlarining kulgili chiqishlari bilan ta'minlangan. U Ameche ham kulgili ekanligini davom ettirdi Savdo joylari u har doim shunday bo'lishi kerak edi.[52]

Odamlar film Landis "ajoyib" o'zini tuta olganligi sababli ishlayotganini aytdi.[56] Kenbining ta'kidlashicha, Landis aniq komediya hamda maxsus effektlar yuklangan tarifni boshqarishi mumkinligini ko'rsatgan.[52] Arnold, Landisning hajviy vaqti avvalgi ishiga qaraganda unchalik aniq bo'lmaganligi va unga manba materialini to'g'ri ishlash qobiliyati yo'qligi bilan rozi emas edi.[54] Odamlar Xarris va Vaynrod yaxshi yozilgan ssenariyni ishlab chiqishgan,[56] Ammo Arnold ijtimoiy ziddiyatlarni shunga o'xshash tarzda hal qilish uchun vintbol janrini yangilay olmaganliklarini aytdi.[54]

Taqdirlar

Da 41-Oltin Globus mukofotlari 1984 yilda film ikkita nominatsiyani oldi: Eng yaxshi musiqiy yoki komediya (romantik dramaga yutqazish Yentl ) va Musiqali yoki komediyadagi eng yaxshi aktyor yutqazgan Merfi uchun Maykl Keyn komediya dramasida ijro etish Ritani o'qitish.[58] Da 56-chi Oskar mukofotlari, Bernshteyn nomzodi qo'yildi Eng yaxshi original ball; u yutqazdi Yentl's ball Mishel Legrand va Alan va Merilin Bergman.[59]

The Britaniya akademiyasining 37-mukofoti Elliott va Kertis ismli Eng yaxshi ikkinchi darajali aktyor va Eng yaxshi ikkinchi darajali aktrisa navbati bilan. Xarris va Vaynrod nomzodlar ko'rsatildi Eng yaxshi original ssenariy; ular mag'lub bo'lishdi Pol D. Zimmerman 1982 yilgi qora komediya uchun Komediya qiroli.[60]

Post-reliz

Ish samaradorligini tahlil qilish va undan keyingi natijalar

Eddi Merfining surati
Eddi Merfi 2010 yilda tasvirlangan. Uning muvaffaqiyatlari 48 soat va Savdo joylari uni super yulduzlik darajasiga ko'targan.

Bashorat qilinganidek, 1983 yil yozgi filmlar mavsumi 1,5 dollardan oshib, o'tgan yilgi rekordni yangiladi milliardga teng chiptalar sotildi. Bu chipta narxlari oshganiga qaramay, sezilarli darajada o'sish sifatida qaraldi.[48] Shunga qaramay, yil kutilmagan yutuqlar va umidsizliklarning aralashmasi edi. Kabi filmlar Supermen III va aksiyalar komediyalari Smokey va qaroqchi 3-qism va Stroker Ace kassada muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchragan. Ilmiy-fantastik komediya Ikki miyasi bo'lgan odam o'rnatilgan yulduz bilan ajralib turadi Stiv Martin ham kam bajargan edi.[61] Aksincha, Flashdance salbiy tanqidiy qabul qilinishiga qaramay, kutilmagan hit va yilning eng ko'p daromad keltirgan uchinchi filmi bo'ldi.[48] Sentyabrda, The New York Times deb yozgan Savdo joylari Buyurtma bermasdan tavsiya etilishi mumkin bo'lgan eng ko'p daromad keltiradigan o'n besh filmning yagona filmi edi.[61] Film tanqidchilar tomonidan yaxshi kutib olindi va shu bilan birga muhim tijorat muvaffaqiyati sifatida baholandi Flashdance va Jedining qaytishi.[62][61] Keyin ishlab chiqarish bo'yicha vitse-prezident MGM / UA studiya Piter Bart ga e'tibor qaratgan "hiyla-nayrang" filmi sifatida tasvirlanganyuqori kontseptsiya "hikoya va xarakteristikaga qaraganda. Bart uning muvaffaqiyati salbiy tendentsiyani keltirib chiqardi, natijada u ko'plab film maydonlarini oldi - ko'pincha yuqori kontseptsiya tabiatining aralashmasi Savdo joylari bilan Flashdance- ilhomlangan breyk-raqs yoki sport zali.[63] Xarris odamlarni prodyuser Aaron Russo yoki Katsenberg bu g'oyani yaratganmi va shunchaki unga yozish uchun pul to'ladimi, deb so'raganlarini esladi. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, bu muvaffaqiyat edi, chunki odamlar buning uchun kredit olishga harakat qilishdi.[2]

Savdo joylari ko'plab yulduzlarning kareralarini boshlash, o'zgartirish yoki qayta boshlash uchun javobgar hisoblanadi.[2] Merfining muvaffaqiyati sezilarli edi. U televizor komediyachisidan yilning eng muvaffaqiyatli ikkita filmi bilan yulduzga ko'tarildi.[64] Soha mutaxassislari uni keyin eng katta kassa yulduzi sifatida ovoz berishdi Klint Istvud. Undan oldin boshqa biron bir afroamerikalik aktyor qiyoslanadigan darajada muvaffaqiyat qozonmagan edi.[64] Ma'lum qilinishicha, Merfi 1 dollargacha ishlagan uchun million Savdo joylari, lekin uning uchinchi filmi bilan, Beverli-Xillz politsiyasi (1985), u $ 3-ga buyruq berdi million ish haqi. Bu eng mashhur kino yulduzlari uchun ajratilgan eng yuqori darajadagi ish haqi hisoblangan.[18]

Ko'p o'tmay Savdo joylari' Paramount Pictures kompaniyasi Merfini 25 dollarga imzoladi million besh filmli eksklyuziv shartnoma - o'sha paytdagi aktyor bilan bo'lgan eng yirik bitimlardan biri. Shuningdek, studiya o'zining Eddi Murphy Productions studiyasini moliyalashtirishga rozi bo'ldi.[18][65] Murfi o'sha yili paydo bo'lgan bir nechta yosh yulduzlar orasida edi, shu jumladan Metyu Broderik, Tom Kruz va Maykl Kiton, ularning barchasi 20 yoshda edi. Bu o'rtacha tomoshabinlarning qarib qolgani va endi o'spirinning 20-yillarning oxiriga borib qolganligini va asosan bolalarga mo'ljallangan filmlarni suratga olishdan uzoqlashishiga olib keldi.[63] Uning shuhratga tez ko'tarilishi Merfining ketishiga olib keldi Saturday Night Live keyingi yil; u bu ishni yoqtirmaslik uchun o'sib ulg'ayganini va muvaffaqiyati uchun xafa bo'lganini his qilganini aytdi.[23]

Bir qator muvaffaqiyatsizliklardan so'ng, Savdo joylari Aykroydning karerasini jonlantirdi.[66] 1980-yillar davomida u blokbaster fenomenida ishtirok etdi Arvohlar (1984),[67] Biz kabi josuslar (1985) va Dragnet (1987). U komediya-dramadagi ijrosi uchun "Oskar" mukofotiga sazovor bo'ldi Miss Daisy-ni haydash (1989).[68][69] Savdo joylari Kurtisning dahshatli janrdan tashqaridagi filmlarga o'tishiga imkon beradigan "breakout" deb hisoblanadi; aktyor Jon Klis Kertisni 1988 yilgi gist komediyasida suratga oldi Wanda deb nomlangan baliq ayniqsa uning ishlashi tufayli Savdo joylari.[2][19][70] Kurtisning ta'kidlashicha, Landis "menga bu qismni berish orqali hayotimni o'zgartirib yubordi".[2] After not working in film for more than a decade, Ameche followed Savdo joylari with the 1985 comedy-drama Pilla, for which he won his first and only Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.[2][21]

Landis continued to work as a director but suffered setbacks following a lawsuit over the accidental deaths of several actors on a segment he directed for Alacakaranlık zonasi: Film and a succession of moderately successful films.[71][72] According to Murphy, he hired Landis to direct his 1988 comedy Amerikaga kelish to help support Landis' career. The pair had a falling out on the set of that film; even so, they collaborated again on Beverly Hills Cop III (1994).[13][71][73] Harris and Weingrod were elevated to prominence as writers.[2] They later sued Savdo joylari' ishlab chiqaruvchi, Aaron Russo, for an agreed upon 0.5% of the producer profits share, estimated to be worth $150,000; the outcome of this lawsuit is unknown.[4]

Uy ommaviy axborot vositalari

1980-yillarning boshlarida Videomagnitofon home video market was gaining popularity rapidly. In previous years, VHS sales were not a revenue source for studios, but by 1983 they could generate up to 13% of a film's total revenue; the North American cassette rights could generate $500,000 alone.[74] Savdo joylari kuni ozod qilindi VHS in May 1984, priced at $39.95.[75] Paramount distributed its own cassettes and priced them significantly lower than the standard $80 price to promote home user VCR adoption. A successful film was expected to earn between $5 million and $10 million on the home video market.[74] In the rental market, Savdo joylari was one of the more popular releases in May, alongside the action thriller Sudden Impact.[74] Paramount signed an exclusive deal to show its movies, including Savdo joylari, ustida Vaqtni ko'rsat TV network for approximately $500 million; this was seen as an attempt by Paramount to damage the network monopoly held by HBO that the studio saw as financially unfavorable.[74][76]

Savdo joylari birinchi bo'lib chiqarildi DVD 2002 yil oktyabrda.[77] A Special Collector's Edition (also known as the "Looking Good, Feeling Good" edition) was released in 2007 on DVD, Blu ray va HD DVD. This edition included deleted scenes, details on the film's production, including discussions with the cast and crew, 1983 promotional interviews, and interviews with financial experts about the film.[78][79] The film was also released in a pack that included Amerikaga kelish.[80] To celebrate the film's 35th-anniversary in 2018, a special edition was released containing a Blu-ray and digital version of the film, and behind-the-scenes featurettes.[81] A limited-edition release of Bernstein's score was made available in 2011. Only 2,000 copies were released by La-La Land Records.[82]

Tahlil

Ending explained

Several publications have attempted to explain exactly how Valentine and Winthorpe make a large sum of money on the commodities market while simultaneously bankrupting the Dukes.[83][84] The fake crop report created by Valentine and Winthorpe indicates to the Dukes that the orange crop will be poor, making the limited stock more valuable.[1][83][84] The Dukes attempt to buy up as many Frozen Concentrated Orange Juice (FCOJ) fyuchers shartnomalari as possible to corner the market—effectively owning a substantial enough number of contracts that they are able to control the price of FCOJ. The other brokers realize what the Dukes are doing and join in buying futures.[83][84] This demand significantly inflates the price to $1.42 per pound—each future represents several pounds of FCOJ. Winthorpe and Valentine begin selling futures at this inflated price, believing it to be the peak price; the contracts will require them to supply FCOJ in April.[1][84] Anticipating that the crop report will cause the value of FCOJ to rise far above $1.42, the other brokers purchase heavily from the pair.[1][83][84]

Once the real crop report is published indicating that the orange crop will be normal and there will be no shortage of FCOJ, the value of the futures plummets as the brokers desperately attempt to sell their futures and limit their financial losses.[83][84] Winthorpe and Valentine then buy back the futures from the brokers—except for the Dukes' broker Wilson—at the lower price of 29 cents a pound.[83][84] The difference is their profit. Effectively, they have sold FCOJ which they do not have at a high price and bought it back at a lower price, earning them a profit and eliminating the need to fulfill any contracts.[84] Meanwhile, the Dukes have bought a significant number of FCOJ futures, around 100,000 contracts or 1.5 million pounds of FCOJ and have been unable to sell any of them. When trading closes, they must meet the margin call—essentially a deposit—for holding the futures contracts. In addition to their basic financial loss from buying futures at up to $1.42 that are now worth only 29 cents, the margin call for holding the futures gives them a total loss of $394 million, which they do not have, requiring the sale of all of their assets.[85]

Thematic analysis

Ikkita yosh erkak rasm. Ulardan biri qora, boshqasi shohona kiyimda.
A drawing from the 1882 novel Shahzoda va faqir tomonidan Mark Tven. Savdo joylari is seen as a modern retelling of that story and Twain's 1893 short story The Million Pound Bank Note.

The central storyline of Savdo joylari—a member of society trading places with another whose socio-economic status stands in direct contrast to his own—has often been compared to the 1881 novel Shahzoda va faqir tomonidan Mark Tven.[53][86][87] The novel follows the lives of a prince and a beggar who use their uncanny resemblance to each other to switch places temporarily; the prince takes on a life of poverty and misery while the pauper enjoys the lavish luxuries of royal life.[88] Shahzoda va faqir is seen as a classic tale in Caucasian literature, but Savdo joylari adds a twist by casting an African-American as the pauper raised up in status, playing on fears of black usurpation and appropriation.[87] The film has also been compared to Twain's 1893 short story The Million Pound Bank Note, in which two brothers bet on the outcome of giving an impoverished person an unusable million-pound bank-note.[1][3] The choice to use Mozart's opera buffa Figaroning nikohi also adds meaning. The opera tells the tale of a servant, Figaro, who foils the plans of his wealthy employer to steal his fiancee. When Winthorpe is driven to work during the film's opening, he hums "Se vuol ballare ", an ariya dan Figaroning nikohi, in which Figaro declares he will overturn the systems in place. This foreshadows Winthorpe's eventual efforts to do the same to the Dukes.[3][89]

Ning asosiy mavzusi Savdo joylari is the consequences of wealth or the lack thereof. Both extremes are depicted by those living in opulent luxury and those trapped in a qashshoqlik madaniyati —a concept arguing that poor people adopt certain behaviors that keep them poor.[1] Harris has described the story as a satire of greed and social conventions, but in the end, the good guys win by becoming extremely rich.[2] Economic inequality is demonstrated by the wealthy who live in luxury. They are completely removed from those whose lives are affected by poverty. This is demonstrated by the Dukes' bet, showing their own sense of superiority over, and disregard for, the lives of those beneath them, even Winthorpe. Their only reward for the bet is personal pride.[1] Author Carolyn Anderson noted that films often feature an "introduction" scene for characters elevated above their station, like Valentine, to help them understand the rules of their new world. Conversely, there is rarely a complimentary scene for those subjected to downward mobility.[90]

Vincent Canby said that although the film is an homage to social satire screwball comedies of the early 20th century, Savdo joylari is a symbol of its time. Where the earlier films espoused the benefits of things other than money, Savdo joylari is built around the value of money and those who aspire to have it. The heroes win by making lots of money; the villains are punished by becoming part of the impoverished. The heroes' reward is escaping to a tropical island, completely divorced from the poverty-stricken neighborhoods that had previously been their home.[52][91][92] Money is demonstrably a solution to all of the problems raised in the film, and when it is taken away, it is shown that people quickly resort to a basic criminal nature.[1] It can be seen as an example of supply-side economics, alongside films like the comedies Artur (1981) va Xavfli biznes (1983). While seemingly supporting left-leaning political concepts by arguing that given an equal platform a street-hustler like Valentine can perform Winthrope's job equally well, the film promotes right-leaning concepts like Reagan-era policies where the accumulation of wealth is important.[91]

David Budd said Savdo joylari defies expectations of racial stereotypes. Randolph's attempts to prove nurture wins over nature demonstrates that Valentine, given the same advantages as Winthorpe, is just as capable, and leaves behind the negative aspects of his former, unfair life.[86] Even so, once the Dukes bet is complete, Mortimer reveals his intent to return Valentine to poverty, saying, "Do you really believe I would have a zanjir run our family business?"; Randolph concurs, "Neither would I."[92] Budd concluded the film is a "message loudly asking for a reassessment of prejudice, and for level playing fields".[86] Hernan Vera and Andrew Gordon argue racial stereotypes are enabled with the permission of the only black main character. As part of their revenge against the Dukes, Winthorpe disguises his identity by donning qora yuz makeup, an act enabled by Valentine who has helped loosen up this strait-laced character. Because Valentine allowed it, it makes the act acceptable. This requires Valentine to accept and support Winthorpe despite having numerous reasons to dislike him, including originally getting Valentine wrongly arrested and then later trying to frame Valentine to reclaim his old job. Even so, Valentine befriends Winthorpe and helps him get revenge on the Dukes, the old establishment characters who demonstrate explicit racism. The film requires Valentine to act "white", performing as is expected of him to survive in the Dukes' world.[93]

Stiven Shiff argues that because the film identifies money as the most valuable entity, this in turn means that Ophelia is only valuable as a prostitute because she is financially intelligent.[91] Hadley Freeman said Ophelia is an example of the Smurfette principle, a female character in an otherwise male ensemble cast who exists to be pretty and rescued by men.[94] However, it is Ophelia who rescues Winthorpe, helping him to survive his new lowered-state.[92] Neal Karlen said Ophelia becomes a real person after telling Louis: "All I've got going for me in this whole, big, wide world is this body, this face, and what I've got up here [referring to her brain]."[95]

Savdo joylari also employs several conventions of its Christmas setting to highlight the individual loneliness of the main characters, in particular, Winthorpe. On Christmas Eve he humiliates himself in front of his former bosses, unwittingly losing his opportunity for his swap with Valentine to be undone by having become a criminal. While waiting outside a store, a dog urinates on him.[96][97] He attempts suicide and only fails because the gun does not fire; then it begins to rain on him. The following day offers a Christmas redemption and a change of fortune as Winthorpe is integrated into the non-traditional family unit of Coleman, Ophelia and Valentine.[1][96]

Meros

Along with the impact their respective roles on had on its stars' careers,[2] Savdo joylari is considered one of the best comedy films ever made and part of the kanon of American comedies.[2][98][99][100][101] In a 1988 interview, Aykroyd said that he considered it among his "A-tier" films, along with Arvohlar, Dragnet, Aka-uka Bluesva Biz kabi josuslar.[102] Bellamy and Ameche reprised their Duke characters for Murphy's 1988 film Amerikaga kelish. Murphy portrays the affluent Prince Akeem who hands the now-homeless brothers a large sum of cash. Mortimer tells Randolph that it is enough to give them a new start.[3] Of the two films, Murphy has said that while he "loves" Savdo joylari, he prefers Amerikaga kelish because he was able to play multiple characters in it.[103]

Harris described one incident where a person told him they had obtained a career in finance because of the film; Harris said that this was counter to the film's message.[2] An anonymous seller sold off their portion of the royalties earned from the film for $140,000 in 2019. At the time, the share was generating an average of $10,000 per annum.[104][105]

In 2010, nearly 30 years after its release, the film was cited in the testimony of Tovar fyucherslari savdo komissiyasi boshliq Gary Gensler regarding new regulations on the financial markets. U aytdi:

We have recommended banning using misappropriated government information to trade in the commodity markets. Filmda Savdo joylari, starring Eddie Murphy, the Duke brothers intended to profit from trades in frozen concentrated orange juice futures contracts using an illicitly obtained and not yet public Department of Agriculture orange crop report. Characters played by Eddie Murphy and Dan Aykroyd intercept the misappropriated report and trade on it to profit and ruin the Duke brothers.[106]

The testimony was part of the Dodd - Frenk Uoll-stritni isloh qilish va iste'molchilar huquqlarini himoya qilish to'g'risidagi qonun designed to prevent ichki savdo on commodities markets, which had previously not been illegal. Section 746 of the reform act is referred to as the "Eddie Murphy rule".[1]

Zamonaviy ziyofat

Savdo joylari is considered one of the best comedies of the 1980s and one of the best Christmas films.[107][108][109] In 2015, the screenplay was listed as the joint thirty-third funniest on the WGA's 101 Funniest Screenplays list, tied with Ferris Buellerning dam olish kuni (1983).[101][110] 2017 yilda BBC polled 253 critics (118 female, 135 male) from 52 countries on the funniest film made. Savdo joylari came seventy-fourth, behind Yong'oq professori (1963) va Yalang'och qurol: Politsiya guruhi fayllaridan! (1988).[100] Several publications have named it one of the best films of the 1980s, including: number eight by IFC;[111] number 17 by MTV;[112] number 37 by USA Today;[107] and number 41 by Rotten Tomatoes.[108] It has also been listed as one of the best comedy films ever by publications including: number 16 by Taym-aut; turib qolish; tanaffus;[113] number 26 by Rotten Tomatoes;[98] and number 48 by Imperiya.[99]

Although the film's story takes place over several weeks leading up to and after Christmas, Savdo joylari is regarded as a Christmas film.[1][97] 2008 yilda, Washington Post called it one of the most underrated Christmas films.[114] Atlantika described it as a less traditional Christmas film, but one whose themes remain relevant, particularly regarding the divide between the wealthy and poor.[1] It has appeared on several lists of the best Christmas films, including: number 5 by Imperiya;[115] number 12 by Ko'ngilochar haftalik;[116] number 13 by Trillist;[117] number 23 by Taym-aut; turib qolish; tanaffus;[118] number 24 by Rotten Tomatoes (based on overall critical scores);[109] number 45 by Bugun;[119] and unranked by Mamlakatda yashash[120] va Daily Telegraph.[121] It has been a popular Christmas film on TV in Italy since its release there in 1984.[122]

Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 87%, based on 46 reviews, with an average rating of 7.45/10. The site's consensus states: "Featuring deft interplay between Eddie Murphy and Dan Aykroyd, Savdo joylari is an immensely appealing social satire."[123] Metakritik gave the film a score of 69 out of 100, based on 10 critics, which indicates "generally favorable reviews".[124]

In the years followings its release, some critics have praised the film while highlighting elements that they believe have aged poorly and are now seen by some as problematic, including racial language, the use of blackface, and the implied rape of Beeks by a gorilla.[1][94][125][126] The film's use of the word "nigger", said during Mortimer's statement that he will never allow Valentine to run his family business, is sometimes censored in TV broadcasts. Todd Williams, director of the 2004 documentary The N-Word, said that it is a critical scene that should not be censored. He considered it dangerous to pretend a word never existed as in turn other negative events could also be ignored.[125] GQ argued that its social commentary remained relevant in spite of these elements.[126] 2020 yilga javoban Jorj Floyd norozilik bildirmoqda about racial inequality, Savdo joylari was one of 16 films that had a disclaimer added by British broadcaster Sky UK. The disclaimer read, "This film has outdated attitudes, language, and cultural depictions which may cause offence today."[127]

Adabiyotlar

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